An experiment consisting of six parents and 15 hybrids (developed by using 6 x 6 half diallel mating design) in kabuli chickpea was laid out in RBD design with three replications to estimate combining ability and heterosis. The ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) for different characters revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for all traits under study.The estimates of SCA variance were found to be higher than the GCA variance for all the characters under consideration, indicating good prospects for exploitation of non-additive gene action for grain yield and its components under study. Estimates of the ratio of gca variances to the sca variances for all the characters is less than one indicating the preponderance of non-additive gene effects (dominance and epistasis) in controlling the expression of all the characters under study. Line KAK2 was identified as good general combiner for plant height, canopy width, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, 100 seed weight and harvest index. High estimates of heterosis over better parent, mid parent and standard check was exhibited by three crosses viz., PKC1 × HK4, KAK2 × HK4 and JGK1 × HK4.

Aim: The current experiment was conducted to know the genetic architecture of 12 physio-morphological traits under sodic soil through Line × Tester analysis. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications adopting a recommended spacing of 20 x 15 cm in the field. Recommended package of practices was followed to establish the crop. Place and Duration of Study: Present investigation was conducted at Farmer Field of village Amwa Bhaluhi of Bhathat Block District: Gorakhpur, India. Methodology: The hybrids along with parental lines and checks were evaluated through Line × Tester analysis. Lines were used as female while testers were used as male parents where the climate is semi-arid with hot summer and cold winter (sub-tropical) and the soil of experimental field was sodic [ECe = 2.21 (dSm-1 ); pH =9.2]. The water used for irrigating the experimental field was taken from the bore well with pH 9.00 and RSC is 10 meq/L. Results: An outset on perusal of data for hybrids based on the cross combinations Jhona x Pusa 169 resulted from crossing between parents having high genetic distance showed high positive significant standard heterosis for seed yield. However, the crosses viz., Shriram 434 x PB 1, Halchal x IR 24, Magic x Pusa 169 and Super Moti x Pusa 169, gives sparingly high significant negative standard heterosis for seed yield although their parents having high genetic distance. Conclusion: These cross combinations merit consideration for extensive testing across space and time in the target environment to verify their suitability for commercial exploitation. The reason for this could have been the linkage of alleles in repulsive phase for biomass and yield. As there was dominance gene action involved, inter se matings followed by recombination breeding might be advocated for the improvement of yield under sodicity. The cross combinations Jhona x Pusa 169 emerged as lines to be recommended for exploitation in hybridization programme to enhance the production and productivity of sodic soil.

The present investigation was taken up to study the G×E interaction and stability analysis by GGE biplot method in fourteen sugarcane clones during 2020-21 and 2021-22 at four different locations namely Pantnagar, Kashipur, Dhanauri (Haridwar) and Dhakrani (Dehradun) for CY and SY at the 10-month and 12-month stages. The combined ANOVA revealed significant differences among the clones, environments and their interactions for CY and SY at both stages, revealed presence of sufficient variability in the materials being studied. To analyze the stability of genotype and G×E interaction studies, the GGE biplot method was employed. The first two PCs explained 77.94% for CY (PC1 = 63.01%, PC2 = 14.93%), 74.4% for SY at the 10-month stage (PC1 = 55.64%, PC2 = 18.76%), and 81.01% for SY at 12-month stage (PC1 = 63.64%, PC2 = 17.37%) of the total variation of the GGE model. GGE biplot "which-won-where" revealed genotypes G2, G4, G6, and G7 were found to be ideal genotypes for CY as well as SY at the 10-month and 12-month stages. Based on the "discrimination vs representativeness" GGE biplot, E4 and E2 were identified as ideal test environments for selecting widely and specifically adapted genotypes, respectively, for CY and SY at the 10-month as well as 12-month stages. The clones showed crossover G×E interaction for the SY at the 10-month stage. The "mean vs stability" GGE biplot revealed that G6 had high mean and stability for CY and SY at both stages.

: Wheat attains unique position in agriculture and economy of our country because of being second most important food crop after rice. In the present investigation 72 Australian and Indian genotypes of bread wheat along with 3 checks viz., HD-2329, DBW-17 and PBW-343 were evaluate during Rabi season, 2011-12. A very strong positive correlation of grain yield per plant at genotypic level was observed with 1000-seed weight, plant height, number of tillers per plant and days to 50 per cent flowering. Path co-efficient analysis, carried out at direct and indirect effects of different characters on seed yield per plant, identified plant height, days to 50 per cent flowering and number of spikelets per plant as major direct contributors towards seed yield per plant. 1000-seed weight, seedling length and number of tiller per plant emerged as most important indirect contributors to grain yield per plant.

Background: The Botrytis grey mould (BGM) is a devastating foliar disease of chickpea. In order to develop resistant high yielding varieties, the genetic mechanism governing the inheritance of resistance against BGM must be decoded. The molecular markers associated with BGM resistance are also need to be validated for marker assisted pyramiding of BGM resistance in chickpea. Methods: The present study was conducted during rabi seasons of 2014-18 at GBPUAT, Pantnagar. The experimental material consisted of six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) of a cross between a BGM resistant variety GL 10006 and susceptible variety H 208. The disease data was scored on nine-point (1-9) scale and were subjected to chi-square analysis. The inheritance was also studied by using 28 STMS markers at the Pulse Breeding Laboratory of GBPUAT, Pantnagar during 2017-18. The Single Marker Analysis was performed for validation of markers associated with BGM. Result: The results indicated that resistance for BGM in chickpea is dominant over susceptibility. A major QTL i.e. TA118 along with some minor QTLs are involved in governing resistance to BGM. The marker TA118, TS72 and TA144 can be used effectively in marker assisted selection for getting desirable recombinants in chickpea breeding.