No abstract

Tea tourism is one of the alternative forms of tourism which is being operated in the tea growing regions in the world. Sri Lanka also can benefit from adopting and promoting tea tourism. The main purpose of this study is to propose a practical model to empower Sri Lanka as a tea tourism destination. In this study, Keller's constructs of the pyramid of brand equity, including brand salience, brand performance, brand imagery, brand judgments, brand feelings, and brand resonance, are investigated and their relationships with brand equity, as well as their effects on customer loyalty and satisfaction in Tea tourism in Sri Lanka are determined. The statistical population of the present study is all foreign visitors from tea estates based recreational sites in Sri Lanka. The data were collected by administering questionnaire. The sample consisted with 385 randomly selected individuals. The research hypotheses were tested through structural equation modeling and the final model was confirmed. The findings of the study revealed that only the relationships between brand salience and customer loyalty, brand imagery and brand performance towards brand equity were not significant, and all other relationships were significant. Also, fit indices obtained from the conceptual model indicates that model is valid in explaining the relationships among variables to empower Sri Lanka as a Tea Tourism destination. Therefore this proposed model emphasized how marketers should design and implement the effective marketing programs to empower Sri Lanka as a tea tourism destination. In this way, Sri Lanka can be positioned as one of the attractive and more competitive tea tourism destinations in the world which in turn could make a positive impact on foreign exchange, employment oportunities and other economic factors.

It has been more than two decades of experience adopting and implementing enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems in business. However, the success of these systems remains debatable. The failure rate of ERP systems is relatively high, despite the fact that success stories of ERPs are recorded in earlier research studies. The main purpose of this study is to identify and assess the degree of ERP implementation failure factors encountered by organisations and confirm which is significant in various countries. A systematic literature review was performed, considering research studies published between 2000 to 2022 for this purpose. This study critically reviewed 55 relevant articles published in reputable journals. The systematic literature review identified 35 failure factors categorised as the most critical based on their occurrence in past studies. The top five failure factors included lack of top management support, Inadequate education and training, the mismatch between the system and business strategies, lack of project management performers, and users unwilling to use the ERP system. According to the country-wise evaluation, "Lack of top management support" is a critical failure factor of the ERP implementation for all clusters. However, the more frequent impact for Asian countries, with a moderate impact for European countries and less for North American countries. Also, "Inadequate education and training" is a major Critical failure factor for Asian and North American countries during ERP implementation projects.This is the first comprehensive systematic review attempted to identify the Critical failure factor during the implementation of ERP systems.

Many empirical studies have been carried out both in the developed and developing economies to test the presence of anomalies in stock returns and volatility. The most commonly tested seasonal anomalies are day of the week effect, month of the year effect, holiday effect, Monday effect and Friday effect. Previous studies strongly support the existence of seasonal anomalies. Existence of seasonal anomalies let the investors to earn abnormal returns by trading on past information. This study attempts to test whether the day of the week effect is present in the stock returns of the Colombo Stock Exchange. For this purpose, stock returns based on ASPI for the period of 2002 to 2011 with 2390 observation are taken into account. The day of the week effect hypothesis is tested using both OLS model and GARCH (1,1) model. The research provides strong evidence to support the day of the week effect. Furthermore, there is a Thursday, Wednesday and Friday effect in the stock returns. Thus, investors can earn abnormal returns by trading on a strategy based on past information. It is recommended to buy stock on Mondays and Tuesdays and sell them on Wednesdays, Thursdays and Fridays to earn abnormal returns.