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Synanthropic acarine populations, especially house dust mites are considered as a major source of allergen responsible for different allergic manifestations. Considering the manifold importance of synanthropic mites, knowledge on the seasonal population structure of this mite fauna is of primary importance for the better understanding of the disease prevalence and pathogenesis. However, very little is known on the seasonal population structure of this ecologically well defined group of mites in Indian context. In the present communication, ecological observations on the seasonal population structure of this group of mites were made with special reference to house dust mites which forms a major component of synanthropic mite community. To fulfill the objective, bedroom floor dust were collected and processed from 60 selected houses in and around Kolkata metropolitan areas during four distinct seasons (winter, spring, summer and autumn) for two consecutive years. Floor dust were collected by sweeping the floor and brought to the laboratory in polythene packet for further analysis. On analyzing the season-wise data, it was noted that the average number of total mite was highest in summer and lowest in spring; Pyroglyphids were highest in summer and lowest in winter; Glycyphagids were highest in autumn and lowest in spring. The study indicates that a temperature of 25-30°C and relative humidity between 65 and 75% were optimum for the successful growth and multiplication of these mites.

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