RESUMEDans cette étude, une évaluation rétrospective sur 3 ans de la prévalence de l'hémoglobine S dans le Centre médical urbain de Samadin a été faite. Ensuite, les effets d'extraits aqueux de trois plantes utilisées dans le traitement de la drépanocytose chez des malades ont été évalués. L'évaluation de prévalence sur les dossiers de malades ayant réalisé une électrophorèse sur les trois dernières années dans le centre donne 87% pour AS, 2,4% pour SS et 10,6% pour SC. Elle a été faite sur 2133 patients dont 208 présentaient l'hémoglobine S. Pour évaluation des effets antifalcémiante de Jatropha curcas, Antisickling activity of extracts of three medicinal plants of Bukina Faso:Jatropha curcas, Khaya senegalensis and Dichrostachys cinerea ABSTRACT In this study a retrospective evaluation of sickling hemoglobin prevalence has been carried out during the last three years in Samadin urban medical center. In the other way, the effects of aqueous extract of three plants using in traditional treatment of sickle-cell anemia in Burkina Faso were studied. The results of S. SAWADOGO et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 11(5): 2016-2027, 2017 2017 prevalence in the sickle-cell disease, in Samdin urban center made on 2133 patients out of which 208 presenting hemoglobin S had given 87% of AS, 2.4% of SS and 10.6% for SC. For evaluating the antisickling activities Jatropha curcas, of Khaya senegalensis and Dichrostachys cinerea, we incubed for 30 minutes cells globin AS in the aqueous extracts of these three plants and counted the residual sickling cells in the Emmel test. The results expressed in percentage are compared with those of blank example. We obtained 97% with Jatropha curcas, 32% with Khaya senegalensis and 91% with Dichrostachys cinerea. The results of the study show that the aqueous extracts of these three plants have some components with antisickling activities and support the traditional use of these plants in management of sickle-cell disease.

Jatropha curcas is a medicinal plant whose dead leaves are particularly used in arterial hypertension and diabetes treatment. The purpose of this study is to conduct an acute and subacute toxicity study of Jatropha curcas leaves aqueous extract (JCLAE) using OECD method. For acute toxicity, dose limits of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg were used. In subacute toxicity study 4 batches were constituted including a control batch that received distilled water for 28 days and the other 3 batches, JCLAE doses of respectively 200, 400, 800 mg/kg for the same duration. The LD50 was determined and the hematological, biochemical and histological parameters were analyzed in mice. The LD50 is greater than 5000 mg/kg. HDL-C is the only biochemical parameter that has experienced significant rise variation. Hematological analysis showed a decrease in mean platelet volume and Platelets number. The histological study revealed cases of hepatic cellular apoptosis and kidneys tubular necrosis among animals treated with highest dose. JCLAE is less toxic than Jatropha curcas leaves aqueous extract and high-dose JCLAE also has a moderate toxic effect on thrombocyte line and a protective effect on cardiovascular system.

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