The European Space Agency has funded e2v's development of an image sensor for the visible instrument in the Euclid space telescope. Euclid has been selected for a medium class mission launch opportunity in 2020. The project aims to map the dark universe with two complementary methods; a galaxy red-shift survey and weak gravitational lensing using near infrared and visible instruments. The baseline for the visible instrument was to be the CCD203-82, which has been successfully flown on NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory. However, to optimise the device for Euclid, e2v have designed and manufactured the CCD273-84. This device has a higher-responsivity lower-noise amplifier, enhanced red response, parallel charge injection structures and narrower registers which improve low signal charge transfer efficiency. Development models for Euclid have been manufactured with a thinner gate dielectric than standard for improved tolerance to ionising radiation. This paper describes the imager sensor in detail and focuses on the novel aspects of the device, package and interface.

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The detection and identification of toxic chemicals released in the environment is important for public safety. Passive-remote Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers can be used to detect these releases. Their primary advantages are their small size and ease of setup and use. Open-path FTIR spectrometers are used to detect concentrations of pollutants from a fixed frame of reference. These instruments detect plumes, but they are too large and difficult to aim to be used to track a plume to its source.Passive remote FTIR spectrometers contain an interferometer, optics, and a detector. They can be used on tripods and in some cases can be hand-held. A telescope can be added to most units. We will discuss the capability of passive-remote FTIR spectrometers to detect the origin of plumes. Low concentration plumes were released using a custom-constructed vaporizer. These plumes were detected with different spectrometers from different distances. Passive-remote spectrometers were able to detect small 10 cm on a side chemical releases at concentration-pathlengths at the low parts per million-meter (ppm-m) level. INTRODUCTIONPassive-remote FTIR spectrometers are an excellent tool for detecting toxic chemicals released in the environment. Their portability allows them to be used to determine the source of the chemical release. We will discuss the potential of passive-remote FTIR spectroscopy in terms oi detection levels and the effects of using the instrumentation under real field conditions. Data were collected using trees, grass, low sky, and brick wall backgrounds both with and without telescopes and with different field-of-views.The detection of environmentally hazardous chemicals is also possible with open-path and fixed-point methods, such as open-path FTIR spectroscopy and canister collection followed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). However, these methods only detect chemical plumes; they cannot trace them to their source. It is important to discover the origin of a plume to determine responsibility for the release and to repair the cause of the leak. Source detection is especially important for fugitive emissions, unknown leaks, and for evaluating environmental compliance. Light, mobile instrumentation with real-time data analysis methods is essential for tracking a plume to its source.Passive-remote FTIR systems are light and transportable. Data analysis can be performed in real time. The basic system consists of an interferometer, focusing optics, and a detector. The instrumentation uses ambient energy as its infrared source. Data are transmitted directly to a laptop