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The rapid advancement of integrated circuit (IC) technology in the recent decades paved the path for miniaturization of electronic devices. Nowadays all the handheld devices are battery operated, which moves the researchers to develop the devices with low power utilization, high-speed operating capability, and low cost. The advancement in technology scaling is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of IC in the areas of latency, power dissipation, and signal processing. The chapter provides an outline of the history of nano electronic device development and emphasizes the potential of the single electron transistor (SET) as a new nano device that will eventually replace more traditional ones.

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