Case ReportO rbital inflammatory syndrome commonly termed as pseudotumour is characterized by idiopathic inflammation of the orbital tissues, affecting adults and children, unrelated to thyroid related orbitopathy or other systemic disorders. Patients with orbital inflammatory syndrome typically present with orbital pain, restricted movement, diplopia, proptosis and impaired vision with optic nerve involvement [1]. We report here a case of orbital pseudotumour in an adult. Case reportA 28 year old serving soldier presented with complaints of pain, diplopia, and proptosis left eye. On examination there was mild proptosis, conjuctival congestion and restricted movements of left eye. The corneas were clear. No erythema of the lids was appreciated. Anterior chambers were clear and vision was normal. Intraocular pressure and fundus examination was normal. Patient was clinically diagnosed as a case of orbital pseudotumour. Routine laboratory investigation including T3, T4, and TSH were normal. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) orbit in axial and coronal plane showed well defined soft tissue density enhancing retrobulbar mass involving the belly and tendinous insertion of left inferior rectus muscle resulting in proptosis (Figs. 1,2). Patient was treated with oral corticosteroids in tapering doses for three months. He showed rapid clinical improvement with complete remission of signs and symptoms. Follow up commuted tomography (CT) scan showed reduction in the size of inflammatory mass with residual thickness of the left inferior rectus muscle with no proptosis. DiscussionOrbital pseudotumour (OP) or idiopathic non-specific orbital inflammation is a non-infectious acute inflammation of the orbits that presents with orbital swelling or a mass. This descriptive term was first used in 1905 by Birch-Hirschfield to describe an inflammatory condition of the orbit of unknown aetiology. It therefore excludes specific infections, granulomatous diseases and collagen-vascular disorders such as polyarteritis nodosa