The main objective of this study is to analyze the different ratio of emulsified fuels on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of four stroke single cylinder kirloskar TV-I direct injection compression ignition engine and compared with diesel fuel under different engine loads with constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. Four kinds of test fuels were prepared namely 80% diesel, 10% ethanol and 10% surfactant (Identified as D80E10); 70% diesel, 20% ethanol and 10% surfactant (denoted as D70 E20); 60% diesel 30% ethanol and 10% surfactant (denoted as D60 E30); 50% diesel, 40% ethanol and 10% surfactant (denoted as D50 E40) by volume respectively. In this test, Benzal konium chloride is added as an emulsifier to the diesel-ethanol blend to prevent layer formation and to make it a homogeneous blend. At maximum brake power, the comparison of best emulsified fuel ratio with diesel fuel results showed improvement in brake thermal efficiency with decrease in specific fuel consumption and smoke. The NO X , HC, CO 2 , cylinder pressure and heat release rate for D50 E40 emulsions are higher when compared to diesel fuel.

In this study, Four different ratio of emulsified fuels are used as alternative fuels for four stroke, single cylinder, water cooled, naturally aspirated direct injection diesel engine to analyze the performance, emission and combustion characteristics, namely Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC), Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Hydrocarbon (HC), Nitrogen Oxides (NO x ), smoke, cylinder pressure and heat release rate and compared with diesel fuel under different load conditions with constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. The blends prepared were D80E10 (80% Diesel and 10% Ethanol), D70E20, D60E30 and D50E40 with the addition of 10% surfactant in each blend on volume basis. At full load, compared to diesel fuel, the experimental results of D50E40 blend showed 3.06% reduction in SFC, 21.3% improvement in BTE, 37.08% increase in HC, 31.1% increase in NO x and 42.3% reduction in smoke. The cylinder pressure and heat release rate of D50E40 blends is higher with increasing ethanol percentage in the blend.