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a-cluster states in Ti have been investigated in the Ca ( Li,d ) Ti reaction at E= 50 MeV. The angular distributions of 34 levels at excitation energies for E"=O -13 MeV allow us to analyze the data. The angular distributions of positive-parity members of the ground-state band (the K =0+ band) in Ti were well reproduced by the finite-range distorted-wave Born approximation calculations up to the transferred angular momentum of L= 8. For the members of the negative-parity band (the E =0 band) with the primary quantum number N=13, three levels at 6.22, 7.34, and 9.43 MeV were identified as the 1, 3, and 5 states, respectively. The existence of a negativeparity band in Ti has been investigated for a long time and persistently gives considerable support to a-cluster models for nuclei heavier than A =40.

Due to the importance of the physical and chemical properties of the mold flux used in the production of high-quality steel, in particular the suppression of surface defects on steel sheets, steelmaking engineers have attempted to develop new types of mold flux. This paper presents the results of research on entrapment of mold flux and on heat transfer between the mold and the solidified shell. The authors have been developing a mold flux with non-Newtonian fluid properties using nitrogen. That is, the viscosity of the molten mold flux is low at a high shear rate to reduce the friction between the mold and the solidified shell, but is high at a low shear rate to prevent mold flux entrapment. In order to approximate the properties of mold flux as a non-Newtonian fluid, nitride is added to the conventional flux to adjust the silicate network structure through the reaction between nitrogen and calcium. The contact angle of the nonNewtonian mold flux, which represents the wettability between the mold and the solidified shell, is low in comparison with that of the normal mold flux without nitrogen. It is suggested that the non-Newtonian mold flux increases the heat transfer between the mold and the solidified shell. A casting test was carried out using this non-Newtonian mold flux, and the results showed that entrapment of mold flux decreased and heat transfer increased, as assumed.

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In order to study the radiobiological effects of low dose radiation, microbeam irradiation facilities have been developed in the world. This type of facilities now becomes an essential tool for studying bystander effects and relating signaling phenomena in cells or tissues. This review introduces you available microbeam facilities in Japan and in China, to promote radiobiology using microbeam probe and to encourage collaborative research between radiobiologists interested in using microbeam in Japan and in China.