Synopsis.-Various factors contribute to impair the quality to distort the telegraph signals so that the received signals are not a of telegraph signals. For instance, there may be interfering true copy of those transmitted. The paper describes methods for currents either induced in the circuit or brought in by conduction, measuring this distortion and for analyzing the results so as to the proportioning of the circuit elements may be imperfect or batteries indicate the nature and extent of the impairment and its probable and relays may be out of adjustment. The result in any case is cause.

Synopsis.-Various factors contribute to impair the quality to distort the telegraph signals so that the received signals are not a of telegraph signals. For instance, there may be interfering true copy of those transmitted. The paper describes methods for currents either induced in the circuit or brought in by conduction, measuring this distortion and for analyzing the results so as to the proportioning of the circuit elements may be imperfect or batteries indicate the nature and extent of the impairment and its probable and relays may be out of adjustment. The result in any case is cause.

This paper describes the progress which has been made in recent years in the development of methods and apparatus for the measurement of telegraph transmission in the Bell System. Such measurements play an important part in transmission maintenance work in the field and are also necessary in development work. The changes which have occurred in service requirements, particularly the large commercial development of start‐stop teletypewriter service and the effect of these changes on the technique of telegraph transmission measurement, are first discussed; then a description is given of several new measuring devices and their use.

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