Agriculture, very often falls victim of climate change around the world. Adopting a cost efficient system of agricultural production with minimal environmental impacts, depends on the selection of best cropping system and associated farming practices. The coconut farming and coconut agroecosystem is one of the country’s largest agricultural systems and sectors that could substantially preserve carbon dioxide (CO2) through sequestration. Tamil Nadu state is one of the largest growers of coconut with an area of 443000 ha. In the present investigation the Vellore district was chosen as study area. Coconut data such as tree diameter and tree height were collected from the Tall (Aliyar nagar 1), Dwarf (Chowghat Orange Dwarf (COD)) and Chowghat Green Dwarf (CGD) varieties at different ages (five, fifteen, twenty and twenty-fifth years) at various plantations of Vellore district. The carbon sequestered by five, ten, fifteen, twenty and twenty-five-years old coconut tall variety trees were found to be 1.32, 1.97, 2.11, 3.10 and 3.96 tons per acre per year, respectively. Similarly, five, ten, fifteen, twenty and twenty-five-year-old coconut dwarf variety could able to sequester 1.45, 1.27, 1.58, 2.03 and 2.63 tons per acre per year, respectively in Vellore district. The C sequestration potential of ten year old coconut tree (Tall or Dwarf) were 18 to 28 kg per tree per year approximately. The fifteen years (2003-04 to 2017-18) coconut plantation of both tall and dwarf varieties in Vellore district had sequestered 1.15 million tons of carbon from the atmosphere.

Application of recommended level of P at 60 kg P2O3ha-1 maintained higher available soil P (22.06 kg ha). The amount of inorganic P varied significantly and the distribution of added P into different fractions was in the order of Ca-P> Fe-P> AL-P. Application of 50% P2O3 to rice recorded significantly higher P uptake.

The soils of Vallanadu were characterized based on morphological, physico-chemical properties for land evaluation and classification. The soils were very shallow to deep, red to yellowish in colour, sandy loam to sandy clay in texture and had sub-angular blocky and angular blocky structures. The sand, silt and clay varied from 46.7 to 82.14%, 2.95 to 33.74% and 8.15 to 44.1% respectively. The soils were moderately acidic to moderately alkaline, non-saline, low to medium in organic carbon. The CEC varied from 4.5 to 16 Cmol (p + )kg -1 and dominated by Ca 2+ >Mg 2+ >K + >Na + . The soils were low, medium, low to medium in available NPK respectively. Among the micronutrients, Fe and Mn were sufficient, Zn & Cu were deficient. The soils were classified as Typic Rhodustalf, Typic Haplustalf and Typic Haplustepts. The soils were evaluated as land capability sub-class of IVs, IVes and land irrigability sub-classes of 2s, 3s and 3st.

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