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Using an operator scattering approach, we analyze the quantum dynamics of an ultrasensitive electrometer—a Cooper pair transistor embedded in a quarter-wave microwave cavity (cCPT). While the cCPT is inherently a tunable, strongly nonlinear system affording a diverse range of functionalities, we restrict our present analysis to a necessary first investigation of its linear charge sensing capabilities, limiting to low pump powers corresponding to an average cavity photon number of ≲1. Assuming realizable cCPT parameters [B. L. Brock et al., Phys. Rev. Applied 15, 044009 (2021)], and not including noise from the subsequent amplifier chain, we predict the fundamental, photon shot noise-limited charge sensitivity to be 0.12μe/Hz when the pumped cavity has an average of one photon and the cCPT is operated close to charge degeneracy. This is to be compared with a first reported charge sensitivity value of 14μe/Hz in the single-photon regime [B. L. Brock et al., arXiv:2102.05362 (2021)].

tellurium NWs (t-Te NWs), synthesized in solution. Solution processability of Te NWs adds an additional advantage toward low-cost manufacturing, essential for large-scale applications. [4,6] Tellurium and metal tellurides are low bandgap semiconductors and are materials of interest in thermoelectrics, [7,8] photo voltaics, [9] radiation detection, [10] etc. NWs of these materials exhibit enhanced or unique properties like high thermoelectric efficiency and photoconductivity [11,12] compared to their bulk counterparts due to altered and directional electrical and thermal conductivities. [13] Combined with anisotropic structure, compatibility of NWs with flexi ble substrates has resulted in high piezoelectric power harvesting efficiency. [14,15] These are also excellent templates for creating functional 1D nanomaterials. [16][17][18][19] Localized transformations of Te NWs were performed on thin films of assembled NWs. Aligned monolayers of Te NWs were prepared at the air-water interface. [20] The process involves slow drop-casting of a butanolic dispersion of the Te NWs on top of the surface of water ( Figure 1A). As 1-butanol quickly spreads on the surface of water, a temporary butanol-water bilayer is formed. The NWs also get dragged along with the flow and remains trapped in this thin layer of butanol. Evaporation of butanol from this layer increases the concentration of NWs, bringing them close to each other. These NWs then become aligned due to capillary forces, forming a monolayer assembly, which floats at the air-water interface. The aligned monolayer of pristine Te NWs was transferred onto carbon-coated copper grids used for transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These supported films were used for electrospray deposition of metal ions ( Figure 1A). The large-area TEM image taken from one such grid ( Figure 1B) shows a single layer of ultrathin Te NWs aligned along their major axis while the EDS spectrum (inset a, Figure 1B) confirms their chemical nature. The HRTEM image ( Figure 1C) reveals (001) directed growth of the single crystalline Te NWs with trigonal crystal structure. The amount of Te per unit area of the grid was calculated from the population density and average diameter (8 nm) of the Te NWs.Electrolytic spray deposition is a combination of two different processes; electrochemical corrosion and dissolution of a noble metal in an aprotic solvent, followed by electrospray deposition of the solvated metal ions. A nanoelectrospray sourceThe performance of semiconductor devices can be fine-tuned through chemical transformation of their nanostructured components. Such transformations are often carried out in controlled conditions. Herein, the use of electrospray deposition of metal ions from solutions in air is reported, to bring about chemical transformations across mm 2 -sized areas of nanostructures. This is illustrated with monolayer assemblies of ultrathin tellurium nanowires (NWs). The process does not require any reducing agent and can transform the NWs chemically, in the solid state itself,...