Background: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) or Kala-azar is a chronic infectious disease caused by parasites of the Leishmania donovani complex that can cause various hematologic manifestations. Anemia is the most common hematological manifestation but the disease may also be associated with leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, and hemophagocytosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. VL is characterized by fever, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly and weight loss. Diagnostic as well as clinical symptomatology is non-specific in VL; the diagnostic mechanisms utilized are both invasive and time consuming. Using hematological blood cell parameter changes as a unique indicator of VL will pave way for fast Turnaround Time (TAT) and management. Objectives: to determine unique blood cellular changes that can be used to aid in early diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Study subjects: seventy four participants diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis. Materials and Methods: splenic aspirates stained with Giemsa stain were examined for detecting LD bodies. Complete blood cell count and differential counts, red blood cells examination were done. Results: There were no significant unique blood cellular changes that can be used for early diagnosis and detection of VL. Conclusions: While cellular changes are noted in VL, they may not be solely significant in the diagnosis of VL.