Injecting drug users (IDU) have high risk of acquisition of HIV and other blood-borne viruses, because they frequently share needles, syringes and other injecting paraphernalia. The article describes methodology of estimating force of infection for blood-borne diseases from data on prevalence and injection length. Based on results from 5429 IDU surveyed between 2006 and 2013 it was found that force of infection is at maximum during first months after starting injecting - 0,38 (95%CI=0,24 .. 0,51) for HIV infection and 1,03 (95%CI=0,61 .. 1,46) for hepatitis C. After that risk of infection significantly decrease but is not zero. Also basic reproductive rate by regions and periods of study was estimates. Importance of this approach for public health is demonstrated.
Лица, употребляющие наркотические средства путем их инъекционного введения (ПИН), имеют высо-кий риск заражения ВИЧ-инфекцией и другими инфекциями, передающимися с кровью, поскольку зача-стую используют совместно иглы, шприцы и другие приспособления для приготовления раствора нарко-тика и его употребления. В данной статье проанализирована распространенность опасных практик среди ПИН и то, насколько данное поведение меняется среди участников программ комплексной профилактики ВИЧ-инфекции. Показано, что частота опасных практик снижается, но не исчезает полностью, что указы-вает на сохранение эпидемиологически неблагоприятной ситуации в данной группе.Ключевые слова: наркотические средства, ВИЧ-инфекция, профилактика. Injecting drug users (IDU) have high risk of acquisition of HIV and other blood-borne viruses, because they frequently share needles, syringes and other injecting paraphernalia. The article analyzes the prevalence of harmful practices among IDU and how the behavior changes among participants of harm reduction programs. It is shown that proportion of those engaging in harmful practices are decreasing, but remains relatively high, demonstrating epidemiological significance of those practices for development of HIV epidemics.
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