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This review article, covering the literature from 1891 to 1999, deals with the methods of preparation of pyrrolidinetrione derivatives, emphasis being placed on methods of reasonable efficiency. A general applicability of these compounds as versatile building blocks in synthesis of fused heterocyclic systems is in focus. Pyrrolidine-2,3,4-trione Derivatives in the Synthesis of Anellated Nitrogen-Containing 5,5-Ring Systems 4 Hydrogenation of Pyrrolidine-2,3,5-triones 5 Su mmary

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This article is available in open access under Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license, allowing to download articles and share them with others as long as they credit the authors and the publisher, but without permission to change them in any way or use them commercially IntroductIonSilicone sponge intrusion is a rare and severe complication of scleral buckle surgery that occurs when an implant migrates into the vitreous cavity. Though the refinement of surgical techniques has significantly reduced these types of incidents [1], patients affected by this complication before these surgical advancements require treatment. The presentation of silicone sponge intrusion ranges from retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, endophthalmitis, or completely asymptomatic [2]. Proper management of this complication requires frequent ophthalmic control. case presentatIonThis study presents a 57-year-old man who experienced silicone partial-thickness sponge intru-

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