Resistance of representatives of the order Enterobacterales to ertapenem 12.1%. The highest frequency of insensitivity to this antimicrobial drug was noted among isolates of K. pneumoniae 29.4%. Among all enterobacterial isolates, resistance to imipenem and meropenem was 17.2% and 20%. The proportion of P. aeruginosa strains is 50.9% resistant to meropenem and imipenem, respectively, and 45% to doripenem. In turn, A. baumannii is resistant to meropenem - 66.6%, imipenem - 63.6%, doripenem - 83.3%. The following resistance genes were found in K. pneumoniae: NDM (n=2), KPC (n=10), OXA (n=1); in P. aeruginosa: VIM (n=8), NDM (n=1), OXA (n=1); A. baumannii OXA (n=1). At present, it is optimal to use molecular methods, in particular real-time PCR, to effectively monitor the distribution of carbapenemase producers, which tend to be widely distributed in a hospital setting. Molecular methods allow you to quickly get the result (during the working day) and give an adequate decision on antibiotic therapy.

Aim: to define the incidence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the bioassay of hospitalized children. Patients and Methods: From January to December 2019, 940 strains of gram-negative bacteria were isolated from clinical material of 900 patients. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted using the disk diffusion method; SENSITITRE and Phoenix M50 analyzers used «CHROMagarTM KPC» medium. Also, Carbapenem Inactivation Method was used to detect the carbapenemase activity. Results: the species composition of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae included: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=55), Acinnetobacter baumannii (n=22), Escherichia coli (n=2), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=40), Klebsiella oxytoca (n=1), Enterobacter cloacae (n=7), Serratia marcescens (n=2), Proteus mirabilis (n=2), Pseudomonas putida (n=1). 12.1% of all Enterobacterales isolates and 29.4% Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were resistant to ertapenem; 17.2% of Enterobacteriaceae and 20% of K. pneumoniae strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem. 50.9% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were resistant to meropenem and imipenem, and 45% — to doripenem. Acinetobacter baumannii strains resistant to meropenem — 66.6%, imipenem — 63.6%, doripenem — 83.3%. In 30.4% of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii strains, carbapenemase activity was not detected, which indicated other mechanisms of resistance to carbapenem. Conclusion: in most cases, phenotypic methods only allow to suspect the presence of certain mechanisms of acquired resistance. However, since the main, most common mechanism is the production of hydrolytic enzymes, the identification of mechanisms of resistance to carbapenems should be precisely directed at this. At present, in addition to phenotypic methods, it is optimal to use molecular methods, in particular, realtime PCR, to effectively monitor the distribution of carbapenemase producers. KEYWORDS: Enterobacterales, non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria, carbapenemases, children, infection. FOR CITATION: Boronina L.G., Samatova E.V., Blinova S.M. et al. Incidence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the multidisciplinary pediatric hospital. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2020;3(4):295–301. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-4-295-301.