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This paper seeks to provide current indicators on Indian science and technology for measuring the country's progress in research. The study uses for the purpose 11 years publications data on India and top 20 productive countries as drawn from the Scopus database for the period 1996 to 2006. The study examines country performance on several measures including country publication share in the world research output, country publication share in various subjects in the national context and in the global context, patterns of research communication in core Indian domestic and international journals, geographical distribution of publications, share of international collaborative papers at the national level as well as across subjects and characteristics of high productivity institutions, scientists and cited papers.

Both India and China are ancient civilisations and have made immortal contributions to human civilisation. China contributed to scientific-technological ideas through inventions of paper, printing, compass and gunpowder, besides contribution through ethical values and the way of life. Likewise, the human advances have been made possible with the concept of 'the zero' and the decimal system invented by ancient India, apart from its great philosophical ideas.' 1 India and China have maintained cultural relations for over 2000 years.

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