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Spherical robots are a recent technique and have attracted attention due to their capacity to move at high speeds while maintaining great locomotion efficiency. Many research studies have been undertaken on spherical robots’ driving mechanisms, motion planning, and trajectory tracking systems, but only a few studies have been completed on their obstacle avoidance capacity. Its interfering prevention method was “hit and run” due to the existence of a sealed outer shell. This is convenient because of the spherical robots’ unique shape. It might cause major problems when the robots are light and small in size. A high-speed collision with a hard surface might harm the robot or the camera in portable spherical robots with onboard cameras. In this article, a magnetic field-based interference detection and prevention system for a tiny spherical robot has been established. The proximity sensor uses a passive magnetic field to detect ferromagnetic barriers by causing the magnetic field to be perturbed. It makes use of a passive magnetic field to keep the system small and power-effective. Because the suggested system can sense not only the existence of a ferromagnetic barrier but also its approaching direction, an intelligent avoidance behaviour may be developed by combining the detection information with the trajectory tracking technique. It amplifies the disturbance effectively and hence increases the detection performance. To improve obstacle detection performance, design optimization is carried out and specific avoidance techniques are designed.

One of the Precious and important resource in the earth maybe water. Now a days people need everything happen smarter other than olden days techniques used. In this paper Internet of Things (IOT) Based on the concept that to define energy conservation in tank level water monitoring system(sense and monitor). The Main objective is to have a sensor which detects the level of water and it should notify the user about the water level which is currently available in the tank. The Ultrasonic Sensor is placed at the top of the tank in which we will measure the level of water and the if the distance of the water from the sensor gets increased, it means that the water in the tank gets low and finally after reaching to an extent the system should notify a warning message to the user. The Major requirement would be Ultrasonic sensor which senses level of water (in distance)from the top of the tank to the bottom of the tank. The sensor is connected to the system using the Wi-Fi of NODE MCU (ESP8266) .The Blynk library is installed and connected in the arduino. The Blynk application is used to get the values and the notification send to the mobile for the user purpose. The user can get notified that the tank is empty and can take further steps to fill the water in the tank.

In the recent years, we have witnessed hyperbolic interest within the potential use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in an exceedingly wide selection of applications like area observation, healthcare observation, pollution observation, fire detection, landslide detection, natural disaster hindrance, machine health observation, etc., it is become a hot research space. To support high scalability and higher knowledge aggregation, sensor nodes are typically sorted into disjoint, non-overlapping subsets known as clusters. Clusters produce stratified WSNs that incorporate economical utilisation of restricted resources of sensor nodes and so extends network period. Specifically, we will examine the performance in terms of the ability and quality aspects of those schemes. We tend to conjointly discuss enhancements to be created for future planned cluster schemes. Finally, we tend to summarise and conclude the paper with some future directions.