The article is devoted to the analysis of the migration nature and specifics as a socio-economic phenomenon in the context of the current state and prospects of development of the agrarian economy of the Russian Federation in the conditions of a new social reality. The research objectives: analysis of international rules for the migration policy implementation in the context of the current migration and food crises; assessment of rural labor migration in the Russian Federation; determination of the nature and prospects for regional rural labor migration development. The authors reveal the contradictions and factors of international migration policy and the advantages of Russia in the field of its implementation. The idea is formulated about the need to implement a policy on creation of new jobs, increase of employment in the agricultural sector of the Russian economy, and development of transport infrastructure to support the “labor commutation” characteristic of the old industrial region.

In the context of the current geopolitical crisis and a new reality formation, technological sovereignty is of particular importance for ensuring national security. This concept is relatively new in science and has not yet been developed. Its semantic content remains controversial and ambiguous, as well as ideas about the ways and methods of its formation and strengthening. In this regard, the article presents a comparative analysis of the “technological sovereignty” concept, based on its comparison with the similar concepts of “technosphere”, “national interests”, “national security”, “economic activity”. The lexical interpretation of “technological sovereignty” as a new concept and as a scientific category is given. Special attention is paid to endogenous and exogenous factors determining the formation of “technological sovereignty”, the need for its more targeted complementation with development goals (totality, system, structure of interests), as well as the definition of its subject and object nature.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to develop the “mobilization economy” concept, conditioned by the new social reality that has developed over the past decades, as an alternative to the concept of a liberal market model. Growing macroeconomic and geopolitical instability and uncertainty, steadily increasing threats and risks determine the dynamics and multidirectional nature of modern socio-economic processes, which creates the need for society to develop new economic development scenarios adequate to modern challenges. The article reveals the content and nature of the “mobilization economic model” and its determinancy by the growing trend towards socialization and production concentration, its further diversification. In the context of inefficient and unfair competition spread in modern conditions, general decline in the efficiency of small-scale production, and crisis of the participatory management model, the authors reveal specific prospects and directions for the formation of a “mobilization economic model” as a backup option for force majeure political and economic situations and most appropriate to the era of the globalism crisis, the growing civilizational confrontation of the collective West to other poles of the world development and the risks associated with these circumstances (price and trade wars, sanctions policy and degradation of free market economy principles).