Medicinal Plant species help to cure various diseases across the world. The automated identification of medicinal plant species to treat disease based on their structure is much required in pharmaceutical laboratories. Plant Species with a complex background in the field will make the detection and classification more difficult. In this paper, optimization of bacterial foraging technique has been employed towards medicinal plant prediction and classification architecture based on feed-forward neural network. It is capable of identifying both complex structures of medicinal plants. Feed-forward Neural Networks are considered to have good recognition accuracy compared to other machine learning approaches. Further bacterial foraging has been implemented to minimize the feature search space to the classifier and provides optimal features for the plant classification. The experimental outcomes of the proposed approach has been analysed by employing the medley dataset and evaluating the performance of the proposed approach with respect to dice similarity coefficient, Specificity and sensitivity towards medicinal plant classification. The findings are very positive, and further research will focus on using a large dataset and increased computing resources to examine how well deep-learning neural networks function in identifying medicinal plants for use in health care.