Immunochromatographic analysis with luminescent detection for indication of bacteria, viruses and toxins and apparatus for its carrying out were developed. The suggested approach is several times more sensitive as regards microorganisms and toxins detection than the traditional immunochromatographic analysis which is based on the reaction of antibodies marked by colloid gold. The set for immunochromatographic luminescent analysis (SIL-1) was offered on the basis of this elaboration. It can be considered as technical instrument for express analysis of environmental samples, for indication of biological affecting agents in case of emergency situations (terrorist attacks on transport and in populated area), for screening of mail, or facilitation of biopathogen identification after the stage of biological enrichment of selected samples.