No abstract

Results: The dataset consisted of 45,360 patients. The cohort was 22% Black, 35% Hispanic, 37% White, and 6% Other. The mortality was 15% for all groups. White patients had the highest mortality rate at 17% compared to 10% in Blacks, 14% in Hispanics, and 15% in Other (ANOVA, p<0.0001). Whites were significantly older (Wilcoxon rank sum, <0.0001) with a median age of 71 years (IQR 59-80), compared to Blacks with a median age of 60 (IQR 46-71), Hispanics with a median age of 57 , and other races with a median age of 61 . Race was statistically significant in a multivariable model including age, sex, and race, with women having an odds ratio of 1.35 for survival. 6484 patients required ICU admission and intubation with hemodynamic support. This burden was disproportionate across racial groups, with 15.6% of Blacks and 13.9% of non-Blacks having such critical disease (P<0.0001, z-test for proportions). The overall median hospital length of stay (HLOS) for all races was 5 days (IQR 3-11). The median HLOS for all non-Whites was 5 days, whereas for Whites it was 6 days (p<0.0001). Whites were significantly less likely to be discharged home (P<0.001). A significantly higher proportion of Blacks and Hispanics were on Medicaid compared to Whites (p<0.0001).Conclusion: White patients had a higher mortality rate than non-White patients hospitalized for COVID-19; however, Black and other non-White patients were hospitalized for COVID-19 at a younger age than White patients. Black patients were significantly more likely to require admission to the ICU. These data suggest there is a multifactorial etiology behind the varying impact of COVID-19 on patients. Further examination of other social determinants of health are warranted to fully understand COVID-19 health disparities.