Background: Measurements of diagonal distances of teeth were one of the major tools in assessment of sexual dimorphism in various populations. Various research and studies were aimed at achieving the perfect results in forensic context. Aims: The study was aimed to assess the degree of sexual dimorphism in permanent mandibular molar of Iranians using diagonal diameters. Objectives: To evaluate the applicability of diagonal measurements in sex determination. Materials and Methods:The study sample consisted of 30 Iranians students of age group between 15 to 25 years that included 15 male samples and 15 female samples ie of 1: 1 ratio. Diagonal distances on the occlusal surfaces and diagonal dimensions on the facial surface were considered. Calculations were done using manual Vernier calliper recorded dimensions were larger in males than in females. Results:The mean values and standard deviation of all recorded dimensions were larger in males than in females. Conclusion of Study:The results showed that occlusal and facial diagonal diameters of molars can be used for sex determination as they present a high degree of sexual dimorphism.

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is classified as a fibro-osseous lesion, benign in nature which exhibits distinctive features like exchange of normal bone by fibro-osseous connective tissue with different degrees of osseous metaplasia. The craniofacial type of FD which can affect jaw bones is a rare entity. It may cause pain, deformities, and pathological fracture of bone. FD constitutes approximately 2-5% of all bone tumors and 7% of all benign tumors. Here, we are reporting a case of FD affecting maxilla. Diagnosis was based on clinical, radiographical, and histological findings. Differential diagnosis poses a great value in case of FD.