L’effet associatif entre les constituants d’une ration peut induire un effet positif ou negative sur les performances de production des ruminants,en function de la nature des constituants de la ration. De plus, La prediction de la valeur alimentaire de la ration sur la base de la somme des valeurs des constituants comporte beaucoup de limites. Deux essais ont été conduits pour évaluer l’effet associatif entre du tourteau de graine de coton non décortiquée (TBM) et les gousses de Piliostigma reticulatum (GP) sur l’ingestion volontaire (essai 1) et la fermentation in vitro à l’aide de la technique du gaz test (essai 2) de la paille de riz seule (PS) ou avec la mélasse et l’urée (PMU). Le TBM a été ajouté à PS ou à PMU dans la proportion: 70 / 30 (PS/TBM ou PMU / TBM). Les GP ont été ensuite substituées au TBM dans la proportion de 15%. Quatre rations ont été formulées pour l’essai 1: R1 (70% PS + 30% TBM), R2 (70% PMU + 30% TBM), R3 (70% PMU + 15% TBM + 15% GP) et R4 = R3 mais TBM et GP ont été distribués de façon séquentielle. Deux autres rations: 100% PS et 100% PMU en plus des rations précédentes, ont servi de substrats pour le gaz test. La ration R2 comparée à R1 a significativement (p < 0.05) amélioré les performances de croissance des taurillons. Par contre, l’apport de GP n’a pas eu d’effet car les GP n’ont pas été consommées tout au long de l’essai. Contrairement aux traitements PS et TBM (essai 2), les traitements PMU et TBM ont engendré une augmentation significative (p < 0.05) du taux horaire (c) de fermentation de la fraction insoluble (b), la concentration des acides gras volatiles (AGV) et la production de gaz à 12, 24, 36 et 48 h. L’interaction entre PMU, TBM et GP a été positive et significative. L’apport de la mélasse-urée en plus du tourteau et les gousses de Piliostigma a permis d’améliorer la valeur nutritive de la paille de riz. The associative effect between the constituents of a ration can positively or negatively affect ruminant animals ‘performances, depending on the nature of the constituents of the ration. Moreover, predicting the feeding value of the ration by simply adding the individual feed value of the constituents has some limitations. Two trials were conducted to assess the associative effect between unhulled cottonseed meal (TBM) and Piliostigma reticulatum pods (GP) on voluntary intake (trial 1) and in vitro fermentation using the gas production technique (trial 2) of rice straw alone (PS) or PS with molasses and urea (PMU). TBM was added to PS or PMU in the proportion: 70/30 (PS/TBM or PMU/TBM). The GPs were then substituted for the TBM in the proportion of 15%. Four rations were formulated for trial 1: R1 (70% PS + 30% TBM), R2 (70% PMU + 30% TBM), R3 (70% PMU + 15% TBM + 15% GP) and R4 = R3 but TBM and GP distributed sequentially. Two other rations: 100% PS and 100% PMU in addition to the previous rations, served as substrates for the gas test. The R2 ration compared to R1 significantly (p < 0.05) improved the growth performance of the young bulls. On the other hand, the supply of GP had no effect because the GP were not consumed throughout the trial. Unlike the PS and TBM treatments (trial 2), the PMU and TBM treatments generated a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the hourly rate (c) of fermentation of the insoluble fraction (b), the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and gas production at 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. The interaction between PMU, TBM and GP was positive and significant. The supply of molasses and urea in addition to cottonseed cake and Piliostigma pods improved the nutritional value of rice straw.
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