Key-words:Proterorhinus semilunaris, Neogobius melanostomus, Ponticola kessleri, invasive species, Rhine basin Three of the four species of non-native gobiids currently reported in the Rhine basin were recently recorded in France: the Western tubenose goby in 2007, the bighead goby in 2010 and the round goby in 2011. The bighead goby and the round goby displayed a very high rate of range expansion, suggesting a human-assisted colonisation through inland navigation. An assessment of the invasiveness potential by the FISK (Fish Invasiveness Screening Kit) reveals a medium risk for the Western tubenose goby, while the bighead goby and the round goby are at high risk of becoming invasive in France. This assessment is consistent with our observations since there has been a steady increase in the range of the Western tubenose goby, although in low numbers, while the relative abundance of bighead goby and round goby, recently arrived in the French part of the Rhine River and Moselle River, can be high. Given their fast expansion, it can be assumed that these species will soon reach other French basins, particularly in the south (Rhône basin) and in the west (Seine basin), and the implementation of measures to limit their spread should be considered. RÉSUMÉColonisation du bassin du Rhin par les gobiidés non natifs : actualisation de la situation en France Mots-clés : Proterorhinus semilunaris, Neogobius melanostomus, Ponticola kessleri, espèces invasives, bassin du RhinTrois des quatre espèces de gobiidés non natifs actuellement signalées dans le bassin du Rhin ont atteint sa partie française : le gobie demi-lune en 2007, le gobie de Kessler en 2010 et le gobie à tache noire en 2011. Le gobie de Kessler et le gobie à tache noire ont fait preuve d'une vitesse de colonisation très rapide suggérant une migration facilitée par la navigation. L'évaluation du potentiel invasif par la méthode FISK (Fish Invasiveness Screening Kit) révèle un risque moyen pour le gobie demi-lune tandis que le gobie de Kessler et le gobie à tache noire présentent un risque élevé de devenir envahissants en France. Cette évaluation est conforme à nos observations d'une progression constante de l'aire de répartition du gobie demi-lune, bien qu'en faible effectif, tandis que les abondances relatives du gobie de Kessler et du gobie à tache noire, arrivés récemment dans la partie française du Rhin et de la Moselle, peuvent être importantes. Compte tenu de leur rapide progression, on peut supposer que ces espèces coloniseront à court terme d'autres bassins français, en particulier en direction du sud (bassin du Rhône) et de l'ouest (bassin de la Seine) et la mise en place de mesures destinées à en limiter la propagation devrait donc être envisagée.

Western tubenose gobies were captured for the first time in France in the Rhine River in September 2007. This species, originating from the PontoCaspian basin and considered as invasive in many countries, has colonised the Rhine drainage using the Rhine-Main-Danube canal. RÉSUMÉ Première observation du gobie demi-lune Proterorhinus semilunaris (Heckel, 1837) en FranceDes gobies demi-lune ont été capturés pour la première fois en France dans le Rhin en septembre 2007. Cette espèce, originaire du bassin Ponto-Caspien et considérée comme invasive dans plusieurs pays, a colonisé le bassin du Rhin en passant par le canal Rhin-Main-Danube.

For over a decade the behaviours of mothers and newborn calves of Black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis michaeli and Reticulated giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata have been observed at Brookfield Zoo during the critical first few weeks post‐partum. Consistent patterns were seen for individuals within species, allowing models of time budgets, including ranges of variability surrounding each behaviour, to be developed. Once the model is created any data collected for neonates can be compared to the mean values in the model so infant development and the adequacy of maternal care can be assessed quantitatively.

The de-extinction of the dinosaur is a dubious possibility but its consideration brings forth some issues that are at least worthy of scientific discussion. In this review, we discuss two distinct issues that have implications for a de-extinct species such as a dinosaur: the ability, or lack thereof, to safely sedate a rare and potentially fractious animal capable of harming the veterinary staff tasked with its care; and, disease risks associated with a species that has been extinct for millions of years. To identify potential sedatives, comparative pharmacology will be needed to uncover the links between receptor pharmacology and the desired clinical outcomes of activating established alpha-2 adrenergic, opioid, and benzodiazepine receptors. Specific to disease control, it will be necessary to understand the unique susceptibility of the new species to current diseases as well as predicting their reservoir capacity for potential human and veterinary pandemic diseases. While the topics presented herein are not exhaustive, this review highlights some of the foremost research that should be conducted in order to serve the unique veterinary needs of a de-extinct species using the dinosaur as a paradigm. Addressing these issues should be considered if an intact dinosaur genome becomes available, regardless of the feasibility of dinosaur resurrection.The conceivable threat of zoonosis and endemic diseases should also be carefully considered, as the epidemiological impact of