The
processing of mesoporous inorganic coatings typically requires
a high-temperature calcination step to remove organic precursors that
are essential during the material assembly. Lowering the fabrication
energy costs and cutting back on the necessary resources would provide
a greater scope for the deployment in applications such as architectural
glass, optical components, photovoltaic cells, and energy storage,
as well as further compatibilize substrates with low temperature stability.
Organic removal methods based on UV–ozone treatment are increasing
in popularity, but concerns remain regarding large-scale ozone generation
and usage of mercury-containing UV lamps. To this end, we present
a method that relies on non-ozone-generating UV radiation at 254 nm
(UV254) and incorporation of small amounts of photocatalytic
material in the formulation, here demonstrated with TiO2 nanocrystals. At concentrations as low as 5 wt % relative to the
main inorganic aluminosilicate material, the TiO2 nanocrystals
catalyze a “cold combustion” of the organic components
under UV254 irradiation to reveal a porous inorganic network.
Using block copolymer-based co-assembly in conjunction with photocatalytic
template removal, we produce well-defined mesoporous inorganic thin
films with controlled porosity and refractive index values, where
the required processing time is governed by the amount of TiO2 loading. This approach provides an inexpensive, flexible,
and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional organic removal
techniques, such as UV–ozone degradation and thermal calcination.
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