Pure ZnO, ZnO–CuO nanocomposites can be synthesized by using a modified perfume spray pyrolysis method (MSP). The crystallite size of the nanoparticles (NPs) has been observed by X-ray diffraction pattern and is nearly 36 nm. Morphological studies have been analyzed by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and its elemental analysis was reported by Elemental X-ray Analysis (EDX); these studies confirmed that ZnO and CuO have hexagonal structure and monoclinic structure respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed that the presence of functional frequencies of ZnO and CuO were observed at 443 and 616 cm−1. The average bandgap value at 3.25 eV using UV–vis spectra for the entitled composite has described a blue shift that has been observed here. The antibacterial study against both gram positive and negative bacteria has been studied by the disc diffusion method. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report on ZnO–CuO nanocomposite synthesized by a modified perfume spray pyrolysis method.

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FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra were recorded for bis(L-proline) hydrogen nitrate and bis(L-proline) hydrogen perchlorate crystals. The wavenumber assignments have been made for the proline functional groups, viz. COOH, COO − , C-N-C-C-C ring, -[NH 2 ] + , -(CH 2 )-, C-C-N and C-H. In both crystals, two proline residues share one proton and become monoprotonated. The observed bands show that in both compounds one of the proline residues is in the zwitterionic form while the other is in the cationic form. In the two compounds under investigation, the vibrational bands for the proline residues are almost similar. In the pyrrolidine ring there exists a protonated imino group [NH 2 ] + and CH 2 groups showing the aliphatic nature of the proline in the inorganic acid environments. The symmetry of the nitrate group is not affected. Hydrogen-bonding network leads to the shifting of bands corresponding to several stretching and deformation modes. In bis(L-proline) hydrogen perchlorate, the identification of bands due to ClO 2 group reveals that the symmetry of ClO 4 − anion is possibly reduced to C 2v .

In the title compound, C5H12NO2+·ClO4−·C5H11NO2·H2O, the valine as a zwitterion and valinium are bonded through a strong O—H⋯O hydrogen bond. Their ammonium groups and the perchlorate ion are held together by hydrogen bonds. Both valine and valinium show gauche‐II forms.