SUMMARYA finite element analysis of strain-softening materials is presented in which the shear band of prescribed thickness is assumed to exist within elements where maximal stress intensity is reached. The incremental stiffness matrix of the element is derived including shear band deformation. Examples presented in the paper demonstrate that the load-displacement curve and the displacement field are not sensitive to the mesh size used in the solution.

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SUMMARYAnisotropic failure criteria are formulated using two di!erent approaches. The "rst one employs a spatial distribution of strength parameters and de"nes the failure condition in terms of traction components acting on the critical plane. The second one incorporates a microstructure tensor and the relevant mixed invariants. Both formulations are illustrated by some numerical examples. In particular, the variation of strength with orientation of the sample is examined for a series of uniaxial compression tests.

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