This paper presents a study on a grid-connected and islanded multiple distributed generation (DG) system for frequency and voltage regulation. The multiple DG system includes solar cells, wind turbine, fuel cell, and battery storage. The H-infinity controller is used whose weighting parameters are optimized to minimize voltage and frequency deviation. The performance of the system is analyzed under different conditions for both grid-connected and islanded modes of operation. In case of the load variations, the inner voltage and current loop react based on the H-infinity control strategies. The outer power loop uses the droop characteristic controller. The design is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results show that the multiple DG system can supply high-quality power both in grid-connected and islanded modes. Also, we show that the proposed control methodology will make the system to transit smoothly between the islanded mode and the grid-connected mode. The results indicate that the frequency and voltage deviations meet the nominal values as per IEEE standard.

Transportation plays an important role in all our day to day life. Advancements in technology have uplifted the transportation system into the next level by the introduction of E-Vehicle. E-vehicles are the replacement of gasoline vehicles which are the major reason for depletion of ozone layer. The main component of the E-vehicle is the motor which basically decides the efficiency of the vehicles. The design of the machine has a great impact on the efficiency and as well as on the engines output. Due to the poor analysis of electromagnetic properties of the motor, undesired fluctuations and pulsations would occur causing harmonics to take place thereby there is a huge increase in iron loss. This will also affect the control over the vehicle at low speed. A reasonable method to avoid such issues is to introduce an additional step of analyzing the electromagnetic properties before prototyping the machine. Analysis of the machine is done on the perspective with the integration of the motor and the other components. A new design phase where multi-domain analysis defines these phenomena will assist in the task of achieving an optimal design. A specific simulation tool for each domain is needed for analysis of the entire sys-tem. The co-simulation is carried out on a 10-pole, 12-slot interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) in this paper to do finite element analysis in order to achieve the necessary efficiency.

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