The field experiment was conducted during 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 to investigate the effect of irrigation and fertigation schedules on yield of cabbage during the winter season at AICRP on Water Management, VNMKV, Parbhani. Drip method with alternate day irrigation was adopted for all the plots with five irrigation levels as main plot viz., 0.4 ETc (I1), 0.6 ETc (I2), 0.8 ETc (I3), 1.0 ETc (I4) and 1.2 ETc (I5). Fertigation levels were 50% (F1), 75% (F2) and 100% (F3) of recommended dose of fertilizers (120:60:60; N: P2O5:K2O kg ha -1 ) with eight splits during crop growth period. All the treatments were replicated thrice. The treatment combination of 1.0 ETc with 125% RDF, 1.0 ETc with 100% RDF and 0.8 ETc with 100% RDF give comparable and better cabbage yields. Hence the combination treatment of drip irrigation at 0.8 ETc and fertilizer level of 100% RDF may be adopted to obtain higher yields with net saving in water and fertilizers. The economic analysis of cabbage under drip fertigation also suggests that the drip irrigation at 0.8 ETc and fertilizer level of 100% RDF is more economical and feasible as compared to all other combinations.

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A field experiment was conducted during 2010-2011 in medium deep clay soils at the Research Farm of Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharashtra to find out the effect of drip fertigation on yield and nutrient use efficiency of banana (cv. Grand naine). The treatments comprised of 100, 80 and 60 % recommended dose (RD) of fertilizer applied through drip in two schedules (Schedule A-equal, Schedule B crop growth stage), drip irrigation with only N through drip, drip with conventional fertilizers through soil and surface irrigation as control. The drip irrigation increased banana yield by 59.6 per cent and saved fertilizer to the tune of 40 per cent .The treatment comprising of 100 % RD of fertigation (schedule B) had maximum banana yield (81.84 t ha-1) over surface irrigation (51.26 t ha-1), however, it was at par with 100 % RD of fertigation in uniform 16 splits and 80 % RD of fertigation. Application of water soluble fertilizers through drip resulted in highest nutrient availability than control. In general, 100 % RD had the highest nutrient availability than 80 % and 40 % RD of fertilizer. The nutrient availability was more in treatment in which fertilizers were applied as per growth stages (schedule B) than equal splits (schedule A). The uptake of nutrients was higher in fertigated treatments than other treatments

Soil heat flux as a function of moisture content in the drying cycles both under irrigated and partially irrigated wheat and in bare black vertisol was studied to relate temporal changes in soil heat fluxes to changes in leaf area index (LAI), soil water content and meteorological parameters. Moisture content dropped as low as 1 to 5 percent by weight at surface layer and 5 to 10 percent by weight at subsurface layers when irrigation was shut off under partially irrigated plot. The peak weekly mean global, net and reflected radiation during the crop growing season in this semi-arid region goes as high as 655, 361 and 179 Wm-2 respectively in the year 1996-97 and 700, 366 and 137 Wm-2 respectively during the year 1997-98. Soil temperature at 1430 hours IST ranged from 27 to 40°C at the surface   (5.0 cm) layer under irrigated condition. It was 7 to 10° C and 2 to 3° C higher in the surface and subsurface layers respectively under partially irrigated wheat during the drying cycle. The upward soil heat flux ranged from -3.3  to  -29.7 Wm-2 at 0730 hours IST, whereas downward heat flux at 1430 hours IST ranged between 8.4 to 33.9 Wm-2 under irrigated condition. Under partially irrigated condition it varied from -0.7 to -9.2 Wm-2 at 0730 hours IST and from 10.4 to 20.9 Wm-2 at 1430 hours IST; whereas it varied from -4.2 to -17.6 Wm-2 at 0730 hours IST and 6.7 to 24.7 Wm-2 at 1430 hours IST, under bare soil. The maximum mean heat fluxes into 5-20 cm soil depth under irrigated, partially irrigated and the bare soil were 10.2, 5.0 and 6.5 Wm-2 and 9.2, 7.1, and 6.7 Wm-2 respectively in the years 1996-97 and 1997-98.  Soil temperature at 1430 hours IST both for irrigated wheat and bare vertisol and global radiation with soil temperature at 0730 hours IST under partially irrigated wheat were found to be the best predictors of soil heat flux. The relationships between soil heat flux and soil water content at different depth intervals along with LAI and other meteorological parameters could be used for estimation of soil heat flux, both for irrigated and partially irrigated wheat and bare soil.

Herbal medicines are now attracting attention as potential sources to treat so many diseases or disorders. Plants have been used for medical purposes since the beginning of human history and are the basis of modern medicine. Bauhinia racemosa (Lam.) belongs to family Caesalpiniaceae, is a small deciduous tree with drooping branches. This plant grows in poor and very harsh climatic conditions the leaves and stem bark of the plant Bauhinia racemosa (Lam.) are usefull in headache, dysentery, diarrhoea, skin disease, fever and blood diseases. The plant reported to have antiulcer, antidiabetic, anticoagulant, hyperlipidemia, antitumor, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antianxiety, anthelmintic, analgesic, antipyretic, antihistaminic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. The plant reported to have antiulcer, antidiabetic, anticoagulant, hyperlipidemia, antitumor, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antianxiety, anthelmintic, analgesic, antipyretic, antihistaminic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. This review provides detailed information on plant Bauhinia racemosa (Lam.).