Background: There has been increase in cases of Dermatophytosis in recent past with emergence of antifungal resistant strains due to inappropriate use of antifungals and poor antifungal policy. There is limited data in literature on antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST). The present study determines the profile and AFST of dermatophytosis.Methods and materials: A prospective study was conducted on patients with superficial fungal infections over a period of 11 months (October 2018 to August 2019). Skin scrapings, hair, and nail clippings were processed by standard fungal culture methods. AFST was performed by using E-test strips (HiMedia) of fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine on Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar plates and interpreted according to CLSI (M38A).Results: A total of 29 dermatophytes were isolated from 115 (skin = 63, Nail = 43, scales = 12, Hair = 7) samples (positivity = 25.2%). Out of 29 culture positive patients, 20 presented as tinea corporis, 4 as tinea cruris, 2 as tinea capitis, 1 as tinea incognito and 3 as onychomycosis. T. tonsurans was the most common dermatophyte, 42% (N=12), followed by T. rubrum, 35% (N = 10), T. mentagrophytes, 17% (N = 5) and M. canis, 3% (N=1) and T. megninii, 3% (N=1). AFST of all 29 isolates revealed that 25 isolates showed MIC in susceptible range for itraconazole (0.023 to 0.75 mcg/ml), while, one isolate of T. rubrum and one of T. tonsurans showed higher MICs. Two isolates of T. tonsurans showed lower MICs for itraconazole (0.023mcg/ml.). For terbinafine, (0.002-0.008mcg/ml), 18 isolates showed higher MICs. For fluconazole (range 0.5-4 mcg/ml) only four isolates showed MIC in range while rest 25 showed higher MICs (>256mcg/ml) .The results were communicated to the dermatologists and appropriate changes were made in patient's therapy. Conclusion:The emergence of drug-resistant dermatophytes highlights the need of AFST, antifungal stewardship and development of strong antifungal policy to aid clinicians for instituting appropriate antifungals empirically and to change, if needed, after antifungal sensitivity testing results become available.
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