No abstract

Objective To defi ne the role of canine fossa approach when standard endoscopic endonasal sinus surgery technique fails.Study design Retrospective review of all endoscopic sinus surgeries performed from 1992 to 2007.

Microlaryngeal surgery (MLS) is diffi cult in patients with anaesthetic and cervical contraindications. An alternative approach is proposed here using a fl exible laryngeal fi berscope and specially designed laryngeal instruments under local anaesthesia. Equipment and technique of the procedure is described. Indications and contraindications are highlighted based on our experience of 117 patients. Laryngeal fi brescopic surgery (LFS) was found to be a safer alternative. But this procedure cannot be used for all laryngeal pathologies.