ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the relationship between intelligence quotient and oral health conditions among intellectually disabled children.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 13–15 year old intellectually disabled children at National Institute of Mental Health, Hyderabad. The survey comprised of classification of intellectually disabled children based on their intelligent quotient (IQ) levels along with clinical oral examination using World health organization (WHO) oral health assessment form (2013). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 21.0. p<0.05 was statistically significant.ResultsThe mean age of study participants was 13.73 ± 3.04 years. Based on IQ levels, majority of the participants had moderate retardation (41.8%) and when oral health problems were compared, greater than 50% had gingivitis with mean DMFT scores of 2.48 ± 2.1. A significant higher mean DMFT scores were observed with profound retardation (4.74 ± 2.17) (p=0.000) whereas greater preponderance for oral health problems was observed among moderately retarded subjects.ConclusionsOverall majority of the study participants were moderately retarded children and had gingivitis. The higher mean DMFT score was observed with profound retardation with statistical significance. However, Greater percentage of oral health problems were among moderately retarded children. Hence intellectually disabled children should be encouraged to take care about oral health themselves under the guidance of their care takers.

Background: Performance status (PS) is a strong, validated prognostic factor across all cancer types, especially in the advanced phase. It is estimated usually by the Karnofsky (KPS) or the ECOG scale, each of them having peculiar features. Two possible way of comparing KPS and ECOG scales are possibile, differing in the attribution of KPS 90,70, 50 and 30% respectively to PS 0,1,2 and 3 or to 1,2,3 and 4. From the limited data available, the latter comparison seems to better adapt to real-world clinical data (Verger E, Cancer 1992).Methods: From 1st May 2019 to 19th May 2020 all the consecutive values of KPS and ECOG PS were simultaneously recorded from every clinical evaulation of three medical oncologists from the Lung Cancer Unit. In particular, KPS values were estimated with the help of specific questions involving the domain of daily self-dependence and self-care (Schag CC, JCO 1984). The attribution of KPS 90,70,50 and 30% to PS 0,1,2 and 3 or to PS 1,2,3 and 4 was defined respectively as the BOLD or the CONSERVATIVE comparison. Moreover, data about DISCORDANT cases (i.e. very different KPS and ECOG values) were analyzed.Results: Values of KPS and ECOG PS from two-thousand consecutive clinical evaluations were collected, 86.5% conducted in an outpatient setting and 78.3% in patients affected by NSCLC or SCLC. Median age of patients was 68.2 years, male/female ratio was 2.26. Mean values of KPS and ECOG PS for the entire cohort were 79.98% and 1.1. The distribution of the attribution of KPS 90,70,50 and 30% to the BOLD or to the CONSERVATIVE comparison was: Discordant KPS-ECOG values were identified in 16 cases (0.8%): 14 with KPS 60%-PS 3 (all cases with advanced thoracic cancers), 1 with 50%-PS 2, and 1 with 80%-PS 0.Conclusions: In a real-practice population of aggressive cancers the CONSERVATIVE way of comparing ECOG PS and KPS seems to fit better the clinical data, especially when PS worsens (KPS 70, 50 or 30%). Further researches are however needed to improve the correlation of the two PS scales.Legal entity responsible for the study: The authors.

Introduction: Paranormal believes are prevalent in general population, and it may interfere with compliance medication. Aim: Level of Paranormal believes and medication adherence in patient with depression. Objective:To know the level of paranormal belive, and its relationship with sociodemographic & clinical variables and medication adherence in patient with depression. Method:Fifty seven patients with depression in remission were recruited as perselection criteria and assessed with sociodemographic proforma, Revised Paranormal Belief Scale (BPBS) and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). Result: Statistically significant correlation was observered for traditional religious belief with marital status (P<.01), knowledge about illness (P<.001), family history of mental illness(p<.05) and knowledgeof treatment option(p<.001). Psi had a similar correlation with a family history of mental illness (p<.001), while witchcraft with family history of mental illness (p<. 05) and knowledge of treatment option (p<.001). Spiritualism subscale also had a correlation with religion (p<.001) and family history of mental illness (p<.05), while precognition found to have correlation with marital status (p<.05), family history of mental illness (p<.05) and method of treatment sought before (p<.05). Total score of MMAS had a significant correlation with subscale spirituality (p<.05) and Psi (p<.05) of BPBS. Conclusion:Based on this finding it may be concluded that paranormal belief vary with demographic and clinical variable, while medication adherence may vary with levelof sipirituality and Psi.

In the 1980s, the term "evidence-based practice" was developed to represent a process for selecting the best course of action based on available scientific data. The push for evidence-based practise started in England in the early 1990s. Making decisions about a patient's care using the best available evidence is known as evidence-based medicine (EBM) or evidence-based practise (EBP). Evidence-based practising is both a methodology and a way of thinking. The idea is founded on the moral precept that patients have a right to get the best interventions possible. Finding and putting into action those interventions is how we go about using the EBP methodology.

Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological disorder affecting teenagers and young adults with the consequence of scarring. As acne is considered as a normal occurrence and neglected or delayed treatment of severe acne lead to cosmetically disfiguring scarring leading to much psychological trauma to youngsters. Acne scarring can be atrophic or hypertrophic. There are multitude of treatment options for atrophic acne scars like dermabrasion, chemical peels and lasers. But these cosmetic procedures are have drawbacks like requiring fine skills and long downtime (dermabrasion), or expensive for most of the population(laser). Microneedling using dermaroller is an inexpensive safe therapeutic option for the Indian skin type with less complication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of microneedling (dermaroller) in different types of atrophic acne scar and it’s complications.A descriptive study was performed using 30 patients with atrophic acne scar treated with microneedling for a period of two years. Details of duration, site, type and depth of acne scar along with skin types was recored. Patients were given dermaroller treatment for 4 session, each spaced at one month interval and results assessed at the end of each session and at end of six months. In this study, 30 patients with atrophic acne scars of grade 2 and 3 were treated with microneedling therapy and efficacy and complication of this therapy were evaluated. These patients had all three types of atrophic scars- rolling, ice- pick and boxcar, these 27 patients showed 50 % improvement in their scar score at the end of the study (6 months). Among above mentioned scar types, rolling and boxcar scar showed improvement by 47.42% and 65.40% respectively at the end of the study, whereas ice-pick scars showed no significant improvement. According to the modified acne scar scoring system, 55.6% of the patients had improvement in their scar scoring between 41 and 50% (good response) and 44.4 % had improvement of more than 50 % (very good response). All patients were satisfied with the outcome of the procedure.Microneedling is a safe, cost effective, innovative procedure in the treatment armamentarium of acne scars without major complications. This is found to be safe to use in Fitzpatrick type IV and V scars. However, further studies are necessary to validate these findings.