Aims and Objective:The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of p53 protein and Ki-67 antigen in normal oral mucosa and oral leukoplakia with different grades of dysplasia using immunohistochemistry and to clarify the correlation of the expression of these cell cycle regulatory proteins.Materials and Methods:A total of 20 archival tissue blocks obtained from our department which were diagnosed as mild (n = 5), moderate (n = 5), and severe dysplasia (n = 5) with normal mucosa (n = 5) as a control. Positivity of Ki-67 and p53 was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM Corp. Released 2013. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0 Armonk, NY:IBM Corp) software.Results:All samples showed positive staining for p53 and Ki-67. Statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was seen between the frequency of occurrence of p53 and Ki-67 pattern of expression among all the groups. The intensity of staining was mild to intense in basal layer as there was a progression toward the severity of the disease. Almost 81.1% correlation existed between p53 and Ki-67 with high correlation and marked relationship.Conclusion:Oral leukoplakia represents the most common oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD). Molecular biological markers such as p53 and Ki-67 are considered to be of great value in the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of OPMD. Our results emphasize the potential use of p53 protein and Ki-67 antigen as significant molecular markers for early detection of PMDs and its risk of developing oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare malignant epithelial proliferation that is associated with an ameloblastoma or histologically resembles an ameloblastoma. It is considered to be an aggressive neoplasm that is locally invasive and spread to regional lymph nodes or distant sites. It requires aggressive surgical treatment, and regular follow-up, therefore, differs from ameloblastoma. Sometimes, ameloblastomas exhibit a mild-to-moderate degree of cytological atypia; hence, in such cases, a correlation should be established between the clinical, radiological and histopathological findings, thus detecting the aggressiveness of the tumor. Here, we present the case report of a 52-year-old male patient diagnosed as AC based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings.

Context: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with an autoimmune inflammatory pathogenesis. Although the etiology of OLP is not known, it is considered to be a T-cell-mediated inflammatory disorder. Angiogenesis is the neoformation of anomalous blood vessels in preexisting vascular structures. Chronic inflammatory disease has been related with stimulus of uncharacteristic angiogenesis. Aim: The objective of this study was to analyze and appraise the role of angiogenesis in lichen planus by the expression of CD34 immunohistochemistry. Material and Methods: Group I, the control group, comprised 10 cases. Group II comprised 30 diagnosed cases of OLP. These 40 tissues were gauged for microvessel density (MVD) in four selected areas with high inflammatory infiltrate for the expression of CD34 antibody using immunohistochemistry. Results and Conclusion: Using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's multiple comparison test we observed a significant difference between the groups ( P < 0.0001). Patients with erosive pattern (146.30 ± 16.59) show the highest CD34 MVD than the patients with reticular pattern (104.90 ± 10.61), followed by normal subjects (43.04 ± 8.70). Hence, it can be concluded that angiogenesis is related to the pathogenesis and progression of OLP.

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