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Diabetes is metabolic disorder which is characterized by an increase in glucose level due to a relative deficiency of insulin. Recent decades have experienced a very high prevalence of diabetes mellitus. One way of treating diabetes is to reduce gastrointestinal glucose production by inhibiting carbohydrate digesting enzymes called pancreatic alpha-amylase and intestinal alpha-glucosidase. The present study aims to compare the efficacy of wild and micropropagated Solanum trilobatum for its in vitro antidiabetic property. Solanum trilobatum grown in vitro under aseptic conditions was compared with wild-grown, and the results have revealed that both wild and micropropagated plants have effective dose-dependent inhibition of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzyme. For both alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase assay micropropagated plant has shown lesser efficacy at all concentrations when compared to that of wild grown. still micropropagated showed effective inhibition with nearly 90% similarity.

Heatwaves pose a significant risk to human society. Vulnerability to heatwaves is difficult to assess since it depends on a variety of factors, particularly at the local scale. This study aimed at evaluating the heatwave vulnerability of the five major cities of Bangladesh: Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi, and Sylhet. A heatwave vulnerability index (HVI) was defined as a function of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Timeseries Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer land surface temperature data for 2000–2019 was utilized. The HVI was calculated using a principal component analysis method. The findings of this study indicated that urban centers with a large proportion of built-up areas were more exposed to urban heat than their surroundings. The mean annual LST was highest in Dhaka, the capital, and lowest in Sylhet. Rajshahi and Sylhet had the largest percentage of heat-exposed and sensitive areas, respectively. Sylhet had the highest percentage of heat-vulnerable areas (63%) whereas Dhaka had the highest number of vulnerable people (12.5 million). Increasing urban green and blue infrastructures may help to lessen the negative effects of heatwaves. The methodology and findings of the study could serve as a blueprint for developing heatwave adaptation strategies in Bangladesh, and elsewhere.