Electromyogram signals have been used for various applications in the healthcare sector for developing various methodologies and techniques in rehabilitation and prosthetics. This paper focuses on the use of EMG signals of trans-radial amputees for developing a myoelectric lower limb prosthesis capable of individual finger movement. The aim of this work is to develop proper hardware and software systems for real-time EMG classification. An improved double thresholding method for onset and offset detections has been developed to ensure its applicability in real-time. The proposed algorithm has been tested with real-time patient EMG signals using a three-lead electrode system from flexor digitalis region of the hand. Around 3000 samples of usable data corresponding to the flexion of each finger (Thumb-553, Index-655, Middle-723, Ring-720, Little-655) were acquired from 10 healthy subjects. The resultant extracted features were classified using various classifiers (KNN, KNN with PCA and LDA) and a comparison was done between the accuracies acquired from a commonly shared dataset against a subject-specific dataset. A robust onset signal processing algorithm enabled the real-time classification of EMG in noisy environments.

Electrocardiography (ECG) is a medical diagnostic procedure used to record the electrical activity of the heart and display it as a waveform. For picking the ECG waveform, wet and dry electrodes can be utilized. Lots of dry electrode related studies have been carried out in different parts of the world. This paper focuses on the acquisition of ECG from the left arm and right arm separately and comparing the waveforms and gain required for the system. In addition to that, different dry electrode materials and dimensions are used to check the acquisition of ECG waveform from the single arm. Dry electrodes employed in this study include copper, brass, phosphor bronze and nickel silver. The various dimensions used in this study are 3[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]3[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.5[Formula: see text]mm, 2.5[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]2.7[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.5[Formula: see text]mm, 2.5[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]2.5[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.5[Formula: see text]mm, 2[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]3[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.5[Formula: see text]mm, 2[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]2[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.5[Formula: see text]mm and 1[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]3[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.5[Formula: see text]mm. A total of five healthy subjects are used in this study for the acquisition of ECG. The results are very much promising in that the gain required for the left arm ECG system is less than that needed for the right arm ECG system and moreover a clear ECG is obtained from the left arm compared to the right arm ECG waveform. All the dry electrodes used in the study can pick the ECG except for the dimension 1[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]3[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.5[Formula: see text]mm. Copper and brass provide stable output compared to nickel silver and phosphor bronze.