Резюме. Создание современных нормативных показателей при антропометрических исследованиях у женщин различных конституциональных типов (соматотипов) продиктовано требованиями практической медицины, так как доказаны устойчивые связи между типом телосложения и многими нозологическими формами. Целью работы явилось получение данных об особенностях длины и массы тела, индекса массы тела у девушек 18-20 лет-представительниц разных конституциональных типов. Методом комплексной антропометрии и биоимпедансометрии обследовано 125 девушек, относящихся к славянскому этносу, практически здоровых. Доказана соматотипологическая специфичность индекса массы тела-важнейшего показателя, оцениваемого в клинической практике при анализе физического развития и нутритивного статуса. Ключевые слова: женщины, соматотипы, индекс массы тела, антропометрия Summary. Creation of the modern regulatory indicators in the anthropometric studies of women of different constitutional types (somatotype) is dictated by the requirements of clinical disciplines as it is proven that there is a stable relationship between body type and many nosological forms. The aim of the study was to obtain data on the features of length and body weight, body mass index in girls 18-20 years of age, who represented the different constitutional types. 125 women belonging to the Slavic ethnic group and almost healthy were examined using the method of complex anthropometry and bio impedansemetry. Somato-typological specificity of body mass index, which is the most important indicator for evaluating the physical development and nutritional status in clinical practice, was proven.

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Статья посвящена выдающемуся российскому ученому, доктору медицинских наук, профессору, академику РАН Льву Львовичу Колесникову. Рассматриваются основные этапы научной и учебнометодической деятельности лидера морфологов России, его роль в развитии нового направления в морфологии и клинической медицине -сфинктерологии, создании современных международных морфологических номенклатур. На протяжении 18 лет Л.Л. Колесников умело руководил Научным медицинским обществом анатомов, гистологов и эмбриологов, творчески подходил к организации его деятельности, координировал проведение многочисленных научных форумов.Ключевые слова: Колесников Лев Львович, анатомия человека, морфология, Научное медицинское общество анатомов, гистологов и эмбриологов. Lev L'vovich Kolesnikov: Pages of a Scientific and Life PathsThe article is devoted to the outstanding Russian scientist, doctor of medicine, professor, academician of RAS Lev L'vovich Kolesnikov. Main stages of scientific and educational activity of the leader of Russian morphologists -L. L. Kolesnikov, his role in the development of a new scientific area in morphology and clinical medicinesphincterology, the development of modern international morphological nomenclatures are discussed in the article. For 18 years L.L. Kolesnikov skillfully led the Scientific Medical Society of anatomists, histologists and embryologists, creatively approached the organization of its activities, coordinated numerous scientific forums.

Mast cells cyclically synthesize and excrete a wide range of biogenesis products with different biological activities into the extracellular matrix and are regulators of local homeostasis both in normal conditions and in pathology – inflammation, oncogenesis, etc. The relative specificity of classical histochemical methods for detecting mast cells in relation to chromogenic to substrates causes certain difficulties in the selective study of the components of the secretome of mast cells, for example, heparin, histamine, chymase or tryptase. Therefore, immunomorphological techniques have become very popular, which identify specific substrates and allow differentiation of the components of the mast cell secretome. Mediators produced by mast cells promote neoangiogenesis, fibrillogenesis and re-epithelialization during the repair process.The aim of our work was to study the tryptase profile of the mast cell population of rat skin during the wound processusing an original combined method of immunohistochemical staining.Material and methods. The experiment involved 12 Wistar rats divided into two groups – intact (n=6) and with the existing wound process of the skin in the withers (n=6). The tryptase profile of mast cells was assessed on the 7th day of the wound process in comparison with the control group.Results. The results obtained showed a significant increase in the number of tryptase-positive mast cells on the 7th day of the wound process in the skin against the background of a general increase in the population of mast cells. Intragranular tryptase reserve was significantly increased. In contrast to the control, where mast cells with single tryptase-positive granules dominated, during the wound process, cells of this type were practically not detected in the skin (43.69±2.9% and 8.55±0.9%). The content of tryptase-positive mast cells with complete filling of the cytoplasm in the control group and the group of animals with a wound process was 14.24±1.2% and 38.03±2.9%, respectively.Conclusion. Thus, when modeling a wound, an increase in tryptase synthesis is detected both in individual MCs and within the entire MC population. This fact indicates that mast cell proteases can become a potential therapeutic target for improving wound regeneration by correcting immunogenesis, inflammation and fiber formation.

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