В начале февраля 2016 г. острая инфекция, вызванная вирусом Зика, выявлена у российского туриста, вернувшегося из Доминиканской республики. РНК вируса обнаружена методом ПЦР в плазме крови, моче и слюне на 8-й день заболевания, в последующие пять дней-только в моче. Клинические симптомы включали повышение температуры до 38°С, головные боли, артралгию, диарею, обильную мелкую пятнисто-папулезную сыпь на коже лица, туловища и конечностей, инъецированность склер, увеличение шейных лимфоузлов. Для образца вирусной РНК, выделенный из мочи больной, была определена нуклеотидная последовательность участка генома, кодирующего белки NS2a и NS2b. В результате доказана принадлежность данного выделенного вируса Зика к азиатской линии, вызвавшей текущую вспышку лихорадки Зика в Америке.

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Modern education is characterized by the variability of forms and requirements, which necessitates the search for the ways of effective academic adaptation of students. The purpose of this study is to study and experimentally confirm the component structure of academic adaptation at primary school age. The study involved 80 primary schoolchildren of the municipal educational institution "Secondary school No. 59" in Saratov (RF) and 51 parents. To study the component structure of the academic adaptation, the authors' questionnaire and scales for parents and children were used to assess the motivational, emotional, cognitive, communicative, personal (regulatory), as well as psychophysiological components of academic adaptation. New scientific data were obtained on the relationship of the motivational component of academic adaptation (with cognitive r= 0.245, at p < 0.05), cognitive (with internal learning motivation, r= 0.529, at p <0.01), and personal (with cognitive r= 0.375, at p< 0.01). It was found that the most variable characteristic of the academic adaptation of primary schoolchildren is the arbitrariness of mental processes (σ = 0.9). As a result of factor analysis, 7 factors of academic adaptation were identified: "Consistency of self-esteem as a good student", "Orientation towards independence in studies and communication with peers", "Psychophysiological distress", "Avoiding school troubles based on emotional self-regulation and thinking through actions at school", "Striving to improve normative behavior at school", "Social success in school", "General emotional well-being at school". It is also shown that, in the views of parents, the mental stress of students is a positive factor in the academic adaptation of their children, while the students themselves experience a negative influence of this factor on the success of their adaptation. The results of the experimental study enabled to create the scientific basis for developing a technology of psychological and pedagogical support for the academic adaptation of primary school students, contributing to the successful inclusion of a child in the educational environment.

Background: A review of the literature showed that there are no studies on the course and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with advanced HIV infection, so this study was conducted. Aims: Identification of predictors of adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with HIV at the stage of secondary diseases in order to develop a predictive model of outcomes. This will help to simplify the decision-making on management of patients with COVID-19 and HIV infection at advanced stages. Materials and methods: This is a single-center study wich included 300 patients over 18 years of age with HIV infection at advanced stage of disease and moderate to severe COVID-19 requiring in-patient treatment. Results: Mortality rate was 27.3% (CI: 22.7% - 32.4%). Factors reflecting respiratory failure, immunodeficiency, decreased levels of protein, albumin, and increased levels of urea became unfavorable. A predictive model of adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with advanced HIV infection has been obtained. Conclusions: A predictive model has been developed to help a practical healthcare doctor make a quick, informed decision on hospitalization of a patient in the intensive care unit and active therapeutic actions.