The fluorescence behavior of an amphiphatic oxacyanine dye and its thiacyanine analogue has been investigated in spread monolayers at the air-water interface. J-aggregate formation as a function of area/(dye molecule) was monitored by spectral changes in pure dye monolayers and in 1:1 mixtures of dye with various fatty acid coaggregates. Simultaneously, the thermodynamic behavior of these systems was characterized by the associated surface pressure-area isotherms. In all cases, J-aggregate formation may be related to a phase transition in the isotherm. The intensity of aggregate fluorescence is found to be inversely related to the work, AW, of compression of the monolayer through the transition. Inclusion of the fatty acid coaggregate was shown to facilitate J-aggregate formation in the order stearic > elaidic > oleic. Both fluorescence and thermodynamic data indicate more extensive aggregate formation in the thiacyanine systems. Aside from the paramount role played by the chromophore-chromophore interactions in determining J-aggregate phenomena, this study suggests important contributions from dispersion forces involving the long hydrocarbon moieties.

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A total of 86 experimental fuel pins with various fuel, liner, and cladding candidate materials have been irradiated in the Experimental Breeder Reactor-H (BBR-H) and the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) reactor as part of the $P-100 fuel pin irradiation testing program. Postirradiation examination results from these fuel pins are key in establishing performance correlations and demonstrating the lifetime and safety of the reactor fuel system. This paper provides a brief description of the in-reactor fuel pin tests and presents the most recent irradiation data on the performance of wrought rhenium (Re) liner material and high density UN fuel at goal burnup of 6 atom percent (at. %). It also provides an overview of the significant variety of other fuel/liner/cladding combinations which were irradiated as part of this program and which may be of interest to more advanced efforts.

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