Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, efficacy, or both. Improving glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes is vital in preventing micro-and macrovascular complications. Type 2 diabetes has become a serious threat to global health with an increase in its incidence in Asian countries. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the nutritional habits of type-2-diabetic patients, and to find out the relationship between nutritional habits of type-2-diabetic patients with their demographic characteristics that include age, gender, level of Educational, and duration of disease. Subjects and methods: A quantitative descriptive design was accomplished in order to inspect nutritional habits of type-2-diabetic patients. The study was carried out during the period from 30 th December 2021 to 30 th August 2022. A purposive sample of 100 patients were selected. The sample consisted of 50 patients from Baghdad Al-Rusafa Health Directorate/Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital and 50 patients from Baghdad AL-Karkh Health Directorate /Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital. Results:The study findings showed that the majority of the sample were of the age group (21-30) years old, most sample were males, quarter of them were Intermediate school graduate, 51% of patients, their HbA1c was between 8-9, which mean that more than half of patients were not controlling their blood sugar. Conclusion: Related to patient's feeding pattern the results identified that there was deficit knowledge in patients toward nutritional habits. Males were more than females regarding to use bad feeding pattern.

The study aims to assess the level of type (2)diabetic patients' knowledge toward diabetes control methods and to find out the relationship between diabetic patients' knowledge toward diabetes control methods and their demographic characteristics that include (age, gender, and level of education). A quantitative descriptive study design was carried out at medical wards in Baghdad teaching hospital, for the period of January, 20 th 2019 to April 20 th 2019, data was collected7 th -30 th March2019. The study sample is composed of ( 30) patients who were treated in medical wards at Baghdad Teaching Hospital. The questionnaire consists of two parts; first is concerned with the demographic and personal data for patients; and the second part is concerned with patient knowledge toward diabetes control methods, that include diet, exercise and weight loss. The data have been analyzed through the application of: descriptive analysis that include frequency, percentages; mean of scores, and the inferential analysis that include: Analysis of variance and the researcher used the SPSS version 20 to analysis of data. The study identified that more than half of the study sample (53.3%) were male at age(45-64), in relation to level of education, most of the patients were illiterate. most patients have regular follow up, always use self-blood glucose monitoring practice, (73.3%) were receiving information about diabetes mellitus (DM). (83.3%) have information about diet. Polyuria and Hunger is most specific signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia determined by patients, (66.7%) don't have physical exercise and walking is chosen exercise of patient for 30< min in day. Most patient use has diet adjustment especially in dinner meal. There is no significant difference between patient knowledge and demographic characteristics.