Visual comfort is one of the significant criteria that influence good-quality lighting in an indoor environment. There are various technologies for delivering illumination in indoor installations; three significant milestones are incandescent, fluorescent, and LED lighting. Alternative technologies, such as OLED (organic light-emitting diode) lighting, cannot be disregarded by a thorough examination. Few studies have investigated the influence of OLED lighting on visual comfort in terms of merely illuminance level. To this end, this study investigates the influence of OLED lighting conditions on visual comfort, including general comfort parameters—overall comfort, illuminance, brightness ratio, veiling reflections, colour, flicker effect, overall satisfaction—in an indoor office environment. 12 members from the Faculty of Architecture, Çankaya University, voluntarily participated in the study. A full-scale indoor office environment was designed for the test environment, which was illuminated by OLED lighting (2900 K). An Office Lighting Survey was adopted to assess the general visual comfort of OLED lighting conditions in an indoor office environment. In contrast to earlier lighting studies, this study did not measure any task performance under the lighting condition and instead focused solely on participants’ visual comfort evaluations. At the same time, they were exposed to OLED lighting during their everyday routines in an indoor office environment.

Color and light are inseparable entities that are the essential design factors in the field of interior architecture. When the light changes, the perceived color appearance of a surface within an interior environment also changes. The change in color perception is not only related to the type of a light source or the intensity of illumination, but also to the correlated color temperature (CCT) of a light source. The aim of this study is to understand how different CCTs of lightemitting diode (LED) lighting influence the color perception. A study is conducted to compare the perceptive color tendencies for inherent colors under two different CCTs of LED lighting, i.e. warm (2700º K) and cool (4000º K). In the study, Natural Color System (NCS) is utilized as a color notation system to reveal the possible tendencies and patterns concerning the relationship between the inherent and perceived colors. The general tendencies for the perceived colors revealed similar patterns in the nuance (i.e. blackness and chromaticness) color area for each inherent color and showed dispersion on the hue color area under the CCTs of both 2700º K and 4000º K LED lighting. Anahtar kelimeler:Renk algısı, asıl ve algılanan renk, korelasyonlu renk sıcaklığı, LED aydınlatma, doğal renk sistemi Makale Bilgileri

Color comprises both subjective and objective aspects within its contextual nature. Research on color design tends to explore this seemingly contradictory concerns from theoretical point of view, as well as architectural and design practice. The aim of this study was to observe subjective, intuitive or heuristic and objective, knowledge-based or analytical attitudes toward color in design education. In the study 84 introductory design students were surveyed progressively to understand their color decision criteria after completion of three 2-dimensional colored exercises, specific in terms of color education. Students' responses to open-ended questions were coded according to the 5 categories, under 2 decision making processes derived from the literature; heuristic approach: preferential and symbolic criteria, and analytic reasoning: formal, thematic, and systematic criteria. A distinction between associative and emotional aspects of symbolic criteria was also revealed by the data analysis. The findings showed a shift from heuristic responses to analytic reasoning, as expected. Additionally, it is also investigated that students not only used heuristic approaches but also analytical components (formal and systematic) of color decision making in varying degrees as well, even before any color subjects covered. Thematic color decisions became a major part of the students' design considerations upon completion of color subjects. The observed increase in the number of color criteria interrelated by the students' among almost all categories explicated a complex decision making process particularly in color design and education. These findings were expected to lead to some further understanding in color decision making in design. K E Y W O R D Sbasic design, color decision making, design, design education, introductory design education

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Personality traits are considered the primary determinants of emotional and behavioral patterns of individuals within the built environment, influencing the experience of architectural space over their cognitive representation. Specifically, the dimension of extraversion within an individual's personality holds considerable predictive value in determining their attitudes toward the environment. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the influence of personality traits on color preference by comparing preferences for context‐free color samples and in‐context spatial colors among individuals exhibiting varying levels of extraversion. It also aims to ascertain the most accurate color‐construct scale for delineating individuals' preferences for in‐context spatial color. The study employed the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) representation of lexical factor markers for the Big‐Five structure. For the study, 11 colors, referred to as basic color terms, were selected as stimuli. Data on color preference were obtained through a rank order test for 11 context‐free color samples and 11 virtual images of in‐context spatial colors, as well as ratings of in‐context spatial colors based on 14 color‐construct scales. Findings reveal the relationship between extraversion personality trait and color preferences, revealing distinct patterns between context‐free and in‐context color preferences. They also suggest the possibility of divergent preferences for in‐context spatial colors among individuals with varying levels of extraversion, with certain colors eliciting significantly different ratings on color‐construct scales. The study's findings shed light on the importance of personality traits in predicting the relationship between architectural spaces and colors, depending on individuals' personalities, particularly within design disciplines such as interior architecture.