Brucella abortus is a gram-negative bacterium afflicting,mainly cattle,but can be attacked the dogs causing brucellosis disease. In some rural areas of three Iraqi provinces (Wasit,Al-Qadisiyah and Dhi-Qar),the stray dogs submitted for two an effective serological tests (rose-bengal test and indirect competitive ELISA) to detect an existence of the specific IgG antibodies against B. abortus. The results of this study reported (28.89%) and (39.26%) as a total infection rate by rose-bengal and ELISA test,respectively. According to studied areas,the seropositive infection rates by rose-bengal and ELISA tests in (Wasit,Al-Qadisiyah and Dhi-Qar provinces) were (31.25% and 45.83%), (38.71% and 54.84%); and (21.43% and 25%),respectively. The significant differences were reported between and within every examined province at level (P˂0.05).

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Speciemens  of hydatid cysts were collected  from infected liver and lung of cattle , multilocullar cysts , different sizes , milky in coulor , some  of  them  superficial  while others embedded  in the parenchyma  of the organs .                                         Bacteria were isolated from liver and lung infected with hydatid cysts in cattle slaughterd in Diwania slaughter house. S.aureus and C.Pyogenes were isolated from  the liver , while Streptococcus spp  and C. pyogenes were isolated from lung hydatid cysts .                                                                                                         Bacterial colonies were identified by culturing on enriched and selective media with various biochemical tests . All bacterial species were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Genta-      mycin While it is resistant to  Carbencillin and  Ampicillin.                                                                                                               Histopathological  study  revealed   the  hydatid cysts in liver and the lung were  surrounded by  fibrous  tissue . Coagulative necrosis were noticed  in liver tissue  while casouse necrosis was  in lung  tissue .

Present study investigates the ability of using the damaged tires in the field of structural engineering. The proposed reinforcement material in this study represents an innovative approach to reuse strips extracted from used tires to increase the ultimate flexural capacity of thin flexural members, include thin timber beams and steel plates, satisfying clean environment and economic considerations by consuming the waste materials in the structural field. Results showed that the proposed reinforcement increases the ultimate flexural load value of the thin timber beam specimens in the range of 24.113 % to 30.809 % respectively based on results obtained experimentally and numerically by ANSYS software compared to specimens without reinforcement. Similarly, the ultimate flexural load was increased in the range of 83.95% to 101.7% respectively based on the results obtained numerically and experimentally for the rib type steel plates specimens. Also, deflection has been reduced due to the proposed reinforcement method.