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Buildings account for sixty percent of the world’s total annual energy consumption; therefore, it is essential to find ways to reduce the amount of energy used in this sector. The road administration organization in Jakarta, Indonesia, utilized a questionnaire as well as the insights of industry experts to determine the most effective energy optimization parameters. It was decided to select variables such as the wall and ceiling materials, the number and type of windows, and the wall and ceiling insulation thickness. Several different modes were evaluated using the DesignBuilder software. Training the data with a supported vector machine (SVM) revealed the relationship between the inputs and the two critical outputs, namely the amount of energy consumption and CO2 production, and the ant colony algorithm was used for optimization. According to the findings, the ratio of the north and east windows to the wall in one direction is 70 percent, while the ratio of the south window to the wall in the same direction ranges from 35 to 50 percent. When the ratio and percentage of the west window to the west wall is between 60 and 70 percent, the amount of produced energy and CO2 is reduced to negligible levels.

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In this paper, we investigate the optical bistability (OB) and optical multistability (OM) phenomena for a quantum dot nanostructure via two different mechanisms. The first process is based on the application of the incoherent pumping field while the second one is due to the ratio between the injection and cavity injection rates. We show that the appearance of OB and OM properties in the system depends strongly on the presence of these mechanisms. It is found that OB appears in the presence of both mechanisms, but OM appears only when both mechanisms are present in the system simultaneously. We also study the linear absorption behaviors for the case when OB and OM are observed in the system. It is shown that for the multistable state, the absorption properties of the system are different from the bistable state, which has a strong dependence on incoherent processes.