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The interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (iDMI) in asymmetric magnetic multilayer films has displayed increasingly important roles in the modification of domain walls, stabilization of Skyrmions, and realization of new topological spin textures such as magnetic radial vortices. Unlike magnetization and magnetic anisotropy which can be readily measured, iDMI is difficult to measure. In this work, we measured the iDMI in Pt/Co/Ir and Pt/Co/Ru multilayer films by exploring the spin-orbit torque induced effective field under an in-plane bias magnetic field. Skyrmions have been reported to exist in Pt/Co/Ir multilayers. We found that Pt/Co/Ru multilayers have a similar magnitude of the iDMI for Pt/Co/Ir multilayers, suggesting that Pt/Co/Ru is a good candidate to host Skyrmions.

This is a survey of the electrostatic potentials produced by charged straight-line segments, in various numbers of spatial dimensions, with comparisons between uniformly charged segments and those having non-uniform linear charge distributions that give rise to ellipsoidal equipotentials surrounding the segments. A uniform linear distribution of charge is compatible with ellipsoidal equipotentials only for three dimensions. In higher dimensions, the linear charge density giving rise to ellipsoidal equipotentials is counter-intuitive -the charge distribution has a maximum at the center of the segment and vanishes at the ends of the segment. Only in two dimensions is the continuous charge distribution intuitive -for that one case of ellipsoidal equipotentials, the charge is peaked at the ends of the segment and minimized at the center.