For patients to be treated, decisions about their care must be made before treatment begins. In case of pre-operative anxiety, it is currently unknown how clinicians and patients discuss information about the issue, and it is also not known whether clinicians consider (or are ready to consider) their patients' preferences of nonpharmaceutical pre-operative anxiety reduction interventions. At present no study has been conducted to find information on surgical patients' preferences of, and their involvement in decisions about non-pharmaceutical interventions for reducing their pre-operative anxiety. This paper investigates elective surgical patients' involvement in treatment decisions with the aim of finding out their preferred non-pharmaceutical pre-operative anxiety reduction interventions before they undergo elective surgery. Method: A survey method was used to collect data on patients' preference of nonpharmaceutical preoperative anxiety reduction interventions at a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. Participants: A sample of 30 participants-17 male and 13 female, schedule to undergo surgical operations was selected using a convenient sampling method. Their ages range between 17 to 70 years (mean age = 41.03 and standard deviation = 16.09). Study design/procedure: To elicit preference of interventions, the study participants were presented with cards that contain picture of surgical patient receiving one of the non-pharmaceutical interventions used in reducing pre-operative anxiety. The pictures were presented one at a time for 30-40 seconds. The researcher then gives the participants a sheet of paper with the different interventions boldly written for the participants to rank order them according to the degree of their preferences. Through this process, data was collected from all the 30 participants. Results: The results obtained were entered into SPSS for analysis. Descriptive statistics, at 95 % confidence was calculated to estimate the percentage, mean, standard deviation and confidence intervals based on the participants' preference of the interventions. Discussions: The findings were discussed alongside the existing literature and recommendations were offered for clinical practice and further research.

The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of preoperative anxiety among Nigerian Hausa patients undergoing elective surgery. Methods: Thirty patients between the ages of 17-64 years scheduled to undergo elective surgery in a tertiary health facility in northern Nigeria were recruited and administered a translated Hausa version of the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS-H).APAIS-H was administered to each patient in the evening before and in the morning of their surgery day. Results: Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23.0 was used to analyse the data. Analyses were according to the APAIS subscales to see preoperative anxiety a day before and on the day of surgery. On both the fear of anaesthesia and fear of surgery subscales, 76.6% of the participants presented with low to moderate anxiety in the evening proceeding the day of their surgery. Only 23.3% of the participants were highly anxious of either anaesthesia or surgery in the evening proceeding the day of their surgery. On the anxiety related to surgery subscale, in the morning of the surgery day, 36.7% of the participants had low to moderate anxiety related to anaesthesia while 63.3% were highly anxious about anaesthesia. Also, 40% of the participants presented with low to moderate anxiety related to surgery in the morning of their surgery while the remaining 60% were highly anxious of the surgery in the morning of the day of their surgery. The full scale preoperative anxiety scores reveal that, 53% of the participants had low anxiety, 26.7 had moderate anxiety while 20% participants had high preoperative anxiety in the evening preceding their surgery. In the morning of the day of their scheduled surgery, 20% of the participants presented with low anxiety, another 20% had moderate anxiety while the remaining 60% had high preoperative anxiety. Conclusion: The findings of the study show that, anxiety before elective surgery is prevalent among the Hausa patients. It is therefore recommended that, adequate psychological preoperative anxiety reduction interventions be put in place to address patients' anxiety to achieve a better surgical outcome.

Objectives: The objectives of this study ware to translate and validate the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale into Nigerian Hausa Language to be used in assessing Hausa speaking surgical patients' preoperative anxiety before undergoing elective surgery. Methods: Forward and backward translation method was adopted to translate APAIS into Hausa Language so as to produce a Hausa version of the scale (APAIS-H). The Hausa version was tested on thirty patients scheduled for elective surgery at Federal Medical