Increasing interest in nanomaterials can be explained by their broad involvement in many fields of industry and medicine. It is known that carbon black and crysotile asbestos behave like nanosized objects. They are wide spread in environment and have close contact with living organisms. The aim of our study was to define the effects of carbon black and crysotile asbestos on structures of the developing organism.We used chicken embryos as a model for our study. Total amount of 77 eggs was divided in three groups: one control and two experimental with introduced carbon black and asbestos respectively. Researched materials were injected in the yolk on the third day of incubation and tissues for study were taken during early, middle and late stages of incubation. Histological and electron microscopy methods were used.Carbon black and asbestos introduction caused underdevelopment of embryos and vessels depletion in blood islands of the yolk sac. Asbestos slowed down angiogenesis. Soot particles caused integrity violation of vessels and led to extravasation. The manifestations of soot influence were damages to blood circulatory system and structural disorders on cellular level. Introduction of chrysotile asbestos mostly resulted in compensatoryadaptive reactions like increasing in hematopoiesis and transcytosis in endotheliocytes.

The apparent structural link between carbon nanowires and asbestos fibers has generated serious doubts about their safety profile. Until today data on asbestos concerns researches mostly of respiratory system. Therefore we used a chicken embryo because it enables to evaluate the body's reaction to materials on a large number of cell population. The results show that the straight fiber asbestos (amphibole) poses the greatest danger. Also our research demonstrate that carbon nanowires have the potential to behave like amphibole asbestos fibers.

Introduction. Development of novel biocompatibility tests represents an urgent problem. Use of chicken embryos minimizes the effect of exogenous factors on the experimental course (as the chicken embryo develops in medium it is almost completely isolated from external effects), enables the observation of physiological and pathological processes in the dynamics and assessment of the response of the body response to various materials in many cell populations. Objective. We aimed to show the possibility of using chicken embryo as a test system for evaluation of the biological effects of powdered materials. Materials and methods. In this study, we applied developing chicken embryos produced by incubation of Highline white eggs. Test and control groups (200 embryos in total) were used. Powdered materials were introduced into the embryo yolk sac in the form of suspension in biocompatible dextran (rheopolyglucine).The material was sterilized for 60 min at 120 °С. Two disperse materials, activated charcoal and asbestos powders, were selected to assess the capabilities of the method. Morphological (review, selective histochemical, and electron microscopy) examination methods were applied in testing, which produced the following results. Results. Model efficacy was confirmed by testing certain substances, such as activated charcoal and asbestos. Faster growth and accelerated development of chicken embryos, the absence of tissue pathological reactions, was indicative of the biocompatibility of activated charcoal. Poor biocompatibility of asbestos was concluded from its multiple teratogenic effects detected for the first time for this material. Conclusions.The paper contains motivation and experimental data regarding the usability of chicken embryos in integrated testing of disperse material biocompatibility.