Aims With a large number of fatalities, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has greatly affected human health worldwide. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus that causes COVID-19. The World Health Organization has declared a global pandemic of this contagious disease. Researchers across the world are collaborating in a quest for remedies to combat this deadly virus. It has recently been demonstrated that the spike glycoprotein (SGP) of SARS-CoV-2 is the mediator by which the virus enters host cells. Main methods Our group comprehensibly analyzed the SGP of SARS-CoV-2 through multiple sequence analysis and a phylogenetic analysis. We predicted the strongest immunogenic epitopes of the SGP for both B cells and T cells. Key findings We focused on predicting peptides that would bind major histocompatibility complex class I. Two optimal epitopes were identified, WTAGAAAYY and GAAAYYVGY. They interact with the HLA-B*15:01 allele, which was further validated by molecular docking simulation. This study also found that the selected epitopes are able to be recognized in a large percentage of the world's population. Furthermore, we predicted CD4 + T-cell epitopes and B-cell epitopes. Significance Our study provides a strong basis for designing vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2. However, laboratory work is required to validate our theoretical results, which would lay the foundation for the appropriate vaccine manufacturing and testing processes.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a type of coronavirus shows bizarre features with fatality rates at 34.4%. The clinical and non-clinical features of COVID-19 might be causative factors for more rapid community spreading compared to MERS and SARS-CoV-1. Objectives: To study the efficacy of RT-PCR based detection of SARS-CoV-2 patients. Besides, the patients' pre and post-infection health conditions depending on selective clinical and nonclinical parameters were analyzed. Materials and Methods:  Clinical and non- clinical data were collected from 205 randomly selected COVID-19 patients, identified through RT-PCR from different areas of Bangladesh. The data were analyzed using statistical and analytical tools to illustrate the impact of the pandemic situation on the sufferers.  Results: Molecular identification of the patients through RT-PCR has been observed as the most efficient option for detecting SARS-CoV-2 patients. Patients with the smoking habit have been reported to be more prone to the COVID-19 infection; surprisingly the non-smoker female was the worse suffers. The patients aged 60-69 years were the worst sufferers with every adverse health conditions mentioned. Professionally, 28% self-employed male and 8.19% female were infected. The most infected individuals were house wife (32.029%), as next to the health care workers (22.1%). With the increased age group, a decreased number of smokers were found.               Nebulization of 5% home and 12% hospital treated patients were provided, with Oxygen for 26% of hospitalized patients. After recovery, combined physical and psychological complications were observed in 19% of male and 11% female. The socioeconomic, environmental and geographical annotations exposed a clear relationship with the rate of infection as revealed from the nonclinical data analysis. Conclusion: RT-PCR proved its specialty in COVID-19 detection. In addition, impacts of different clinical and nonclinical factors on the physical conditions of the nCoV patients were found significant in the research.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is a highly contagious viral illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had a catastrophic effect on the world's demographics, resulting in more than 3.8 million deaths worldwide, and establishing itself as the most serious global health crisis since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Several questions remain unanswered regarding the effects of COVID-19 disease during pregnancy. Although most infections are mild in high-risk populations, severe disease frequently leads to intubation, intensive care unit admission, and, in some cases, death. Hormonal and physiological changes in the immune and respiratory systems, cardiovascular function, and coagulation may affect the progression of COVID-19 disease in pregnancy. However, consequences of coronavirus infection on implantation, fetal growth and development, labor, and newborn health have yet to be determined, and, consequently, a coordinated global effort is needed in this respect . Principles of management concerning COVID-19 in pregnancy include early isolation, aggressive infection control procedures, oxygen therapy, avoidance of fluid overload, consideration of empiric antibiotics (secondary to bacterial infection risk), laboratory testing for the virus and co-infection, fetal and uterine contraction monitoring, prevention and / or treatment of thromboembolism early mechanical ventilation for progressive respiratory failure, individualized delivery planning, and a team-based approach with multispecialty consultations. This review focuses on COVID-19 during pregnancy, its management, and the area where further investigations are needed to reduce the risk to mothers and their newborns.

Currently, with a large number of fatality rates, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a potential threat to human health worldwide. It has been well-known that severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for COVID-19 and World Health Organization (WHO) proclaimed the contagious disease as a global pandemic. Researchers from different parts of the world amalgamate together inquest of remedies for this deadly virus. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the spike glycoprotein (SGP) of SARS-CoV-2 is the mediator behind the entrance into the host cells. Our group has comprehensibly analyzed the SGP of SARS-CoV-2 through multiple sequence analysis along with the phylogenetic analysis. Further, this research work predicted the most immunogenic epitopes for both B-cell and T-cell. Notably, we focused mainly on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I potential peptides and predicted two epitopes; WTAGAAAYY and GAAAYYVGY, that bind with the MHC class I alleles which are further validated by molecular docking analysis. Furthermore, this study also proposed that the selected epitopes were shown availability in a greater range of the population. Hence, our study comes up with a strong base for the implementation of designing novel vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2, however adequate laboratory works will need to be conducted for the appropriate application.