For patients with PUJ obstruction, our meta-analyses show that RAP is advantageous concerning operating time, length of hospital stay, complication rate and success rate. Our conclusions, however, are weakened by poor quality of evidence and significant study heterogeneity. In addition, whether the statistical significance observed in the present meta-analysis translates into clinical significance is an important question. Further high-quality studies, particularly randomized controlled trials, are necessary to strengthen conclusions.

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