Background Diabetes is a significant global public health issue that necessitates self-management. However, this is difficult to put into practice and requires a new approach. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a physical activity promotion program on adherence to recommended physical activity and lessons to improve self-management. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted from January 2020 to February 2021 at North Shoa Zone Public Hospital. The study enrolled 216 type II diabetic patients from four public hospitals. Data were entered into Epi Data V.3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Data were presented as means of standard deviations for continuous variables and percentages for categorical variables. Intervention and control groups were compared before and after intervention using independent t-tests. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant for all statistical tests. Results A total of 216 type II diabetics participated in this study. Physical activity promotion programs increased adherence to the recommended number of days and duration (spending time) of physical activity (p < 0.0001). Participants who engaged in the physical activity promotion program significantly increased the mean scores for exercising moderate-intensity activities and spending time (p < 0.05), walking for at least 10 min continuously and spending time (p < 0.05), exercising moderate-intensity recreational activities and spending time (p < 0.05).There was a significant reduction in mean fasting blood glucose after participating in a physical activity program (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study demonstrates that a physical activity promotion program makes a significant difference in patient compliance with recommended physical activity and effectively improves patient glycemic control. Health care providers should integrate physical activity programs into existing systems as a common therapeutic service. Primary care platforms such as health posts and health centers can play a key role in integrating health promotion programs to improve self-management behaviors.

Background The cornerstone of managing diabetes is diabetic self-care behaviors, however many people with diabetes do not engage in enough of these actions. Effective stress management behaviors have a positive effect on diabetes self-care. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between diabetic self-care behaviors and stress-coping behaviors in patients with type II diabetes.Method A facility-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in the North Shoa zone from February 24 to March 25, 2022. The study involved 432 types II diabetic patients who were chosen at random from eight public hospitals. Data were entered into Epi Data V.3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Data for continuous variables were reported as means of standard deviations and percentages for categorical variables. Descriptive statistic was used to summarize study variables. Binary logistic regression models were used to assess associations between sociodemographic variables, stress-coping behaviors, and self-care behaviors. In a bivariable analysis, variables with p-values less than 0.20 were put into a multivariable logistic regression model. A p-value ≤ 0.05 and an OR with a 95% CI are considered statistically significant associations.Result A total of 432 patients with type II diabetes participated with a response rate of 98%. Stress-coping behavior was observed in nearly half of the patients (51.2; 95% CI; (46.5, 55.6). The study found that stress management behavior was associated with diabetes self-care (X2, 17.7; p0.0001). Patients with good stress management behavior (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI = (1.3, 3.0)), good perception (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = (1.5, 3.4)), and family support (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = (1.5, 3.6)) were more likely to conduct diabetes self-care.Conclusion This study shows that stress management behaviors and coping techniques are associated with self-care behavior and lead to significant improvements in diabetes self-care practices. Stress management and coping skills should be included in current systems as a common therapeutic service/treatment and diabetes care practitioners should consider these factors when discussing diabetes self-management during consultations.

Background: Many mothers died due to preventable causes in developing countries like Ethiopia. so, this study aims to assess the healthcare-seeking behavior of obstetric danger signs among pregnant and delivered mothers in 1 year before the study period in Kewot districts. Method: A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study design supplemented by qualitative technique was conducted from April 20 -April 30, 2019, in the Kewot district. Pregnant and delivered mothers were selected by systematic random sampling technique and interviewed with a response rate of 98.2%, Using purposive sampling 3 key-informants and 5 mothers were selected for in-depth interview of a qualitative study. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 21 and the logistic regressions model was applied to identify the associated factors. Results: A total of 363 participants were involved in the study. Among participants, 211(58.1 %) at (95% CI; CI: 53.7%-63.1%) were sought appropriate health care action. Women who have ANC follow up (AOR=1.735,95%CI:1.107-2.721), knowledgeable about danger sign, (AOR=2.430,95 % CI:1.360-4.342), the decision for own health care seeking (AOR=2.514,95% CI:1.130-5.501), and women who cannot able to judge graveness of condition (AOR=0.509,95% CI:0.302-0.859) were significantly associated with appropriate healthcare-seeking behavior.Conclusion: Having antenatal care follow up, knowledge about danger signs, inability to judge the graveness of conditions and inability to decide alone for own health care were factors that prevent appropriate health care seeking action. So, there should be health information dissemination about danger signs for every pregnant mother in the catchment area and during their visit to health institutions.

Background Diabetes is a major global public health problem that requires self-management behavior. However, this is difficult to implement in practice and requires new approaches. The purpose of this study was to evaluate nutritional promotion interventions for dietary adherence and lessons learned to improve self-management. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted from January 2020 to February 2021 in North Shoa Zone public hospital. The study enrolled 216 type II diabetic patients from four public hospitals. Study participants were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups at an individual level. Data were measured twice (baseline and end line survey after six months using interviewer-administered questionnaires). Data were entered into Epi Data V.3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Data were presented as means of standard deviations for continuous variables and percentages for categorical variables. Intervention and control groups were compared before and after intervention using independent t tests. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant for all statistical tests. Results A total of 216 type II diabetics participated in this study. Nutritional promotion intervention programs increased adherence to the mean number of days adhering to a healthy diet (p < 0.0001). Specifically, the nutrition promotion program improved daily intake of fruits and vegetables, low glycemic index foods, high fiber foods, healthy fish oils, low sugar foods, and healthy eating plans (p ≤ 0.050). Mean fasting blood glucose levels were significantly decreased after the educational intervention (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion This study demonstrates that a nutrition-promoting intervention can significantly change patients' adherence to healthy eating behaviors and effectively improve their glycemic control. Health care providers should integrate programs that promote nutrition education into existing health systems service. Primary care platforms such as health posts and health centers can play a key role in integrating health promotion programs to improve self-management behaviors.

Background The cornerstone of diabetes management is the self-care behavior of diabetics. However, many people with diabetes do not fully engage in these activities. Effective stress management behaviors have a positive impact on diabetes self-care. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-care behaviors in people with diabetes and stress coping behaviors in people with type II diabetes. Method A facility-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in the North Shoa zone from March 2 to 29, 2022. The study involved 432 types II diabetic patients who were chosen at random from eight public hospitals. Eight item stress coping techniques tools was used to measure stress management behavior. Data were entered into Epi Data V.3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Data for continuous variables were reported as means and standard deviations and percentages for categorical variables. Descriptive statistic was used to summarize study variables. Binary logistic regression models were used to assess associations between sociodemographic variables, stress-coping behaviors, and self-care behaviors. Binary logistic regression model was used investigate the association between diabetic self-care behaviors and stress-coping behaviors. A p-value ≤ 0.05 and an OR with a 95% CI are considered statistically significant associations. Result the study showed that stress management behavior was observed in more than half of the patients (51.2; 95% CI; (46.5, 55.6). The study found that stress management behavior was associated with diabetic self-care practice (X2, 17.7; p < 0.0001). Patients with good stress management behavior (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI = (1.3, 3.0)), good perception (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = (1.5, 3.4)), and family support (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = (1.5, 3.6)) were more likely to conduct diabetes self-care. Conclusion This study shows that stress management behaviors and coping techniques are associated with self-care behavior and lead to significant improvements in diabetes self-care practices. Stress management and coping skills should be included in current systems as a common therapeutic service/treatment. Diabetes care practitioners should consider these factors when discussing diabetes self-management during consultations.