Aims: This study was done to determine the relationship between maternal haemoglobin and fetal weight. Methods: This study was carried out at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital in 491 primigravidas with full term singleton pregnancy. The study population was divided into two groups, one who had haemoglobin 10 gm% or more and the other women having haemoglobin less than 10 gm%. Fetal weight as the outcome variable was compared between anaemic and nonanaemic mothers and the relation between maternal haemoglobin and fetal weight was studied. Results: The prevalence of anaemia was 46.2% out of which 99.5% had mild anaemia and 0.5% had moderate anaemia. Mean haemoglobin level was 11.54 gm% among non anaemic women and mean birth weight was 2.9 kg in this group whereas mean haemoglobin level was 9.2 gm% in anaemic women and mean birth weight was 2.6 kg in this group and 60% babies had low birth weight (<2.5 kg) born to anaemic women (haemoglobin <10 gm%), and 40% babies had fetal weight >2.5 kg. Similarly babies born to nonanaemic women (haemoglobin >10 gm%) 18.1% had LBW and 81.9% had fetal weight >2.5 kg. The risk of low birth weight was 6.8 times higher among anaemic mothers as compared to non- anaemic mothers which was statistically significant with p-value of 0.0001 (OR 6.80 95% CI, 3.83-12.12). Conclusions: Anemia in pregnancy is one of the causes for poor fetal outcome. Proper antenatal care and counseling can reduce the incidence of anaemia in pregnancy. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 8 / No. 1 / Issue 15 / Jan- June, 2013 / 37-40 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v8i1.8860

Introduction: Hypertensive disorders are the most common medical complications of pregnancy, affecting approximately 5-10% of pregnancies and the major cause of maternal and infant disease and death worldwide. Very few researches have been done in Nepal to analyze the effect of hypertension in fetus. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and perinatal morbidity of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Introduction: High risk pregnancy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in a developing country. These patients are recognized in the initial prenatal office visit as they have a poor obstetrical history or a well recognized medical complication however; pregnancy becomes high risk because they develop unexpected complications in the course of otherwise normal pregnancies. The objective of this study is to identify various type of high risk pregnancy and fetal outcome. Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted in Shree Birendra military hospital over a period of 9 months. Patients were recognized as high risk during antenatal visit and during admission. They were followed till delivery. The case records of all high risk pregnancy with their fetal outcome were analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using simple percentage. Results: Total deliveries during study period was 626. High risk pregnancy identified were 99 (15.81%). Previous lower segment cesarean section was the most common identified high risk pregnancy 34 (5.43%) followed by young primigravida 3.19%, breech 2.23%. There were total 13 low birth weight baby (13.13%) and 2 stillbirth (2%) as fetal outcome. Conclusion: Identification of high risk pregnancy during antenatal period will reduce adverse perinatal outcome.

Introducti on: Teenage childbearing is linked to a host of negati ve social, economic and medical consequences for both mother and child. Maternal mortality among girls under 18 years is two to fi ve ti mes higher than that of women in their 20s. This study was conducted to determine the relati onship between maternal age on fetal weight. Method:It was a prospecti ve, hospital based study, carried out in 491 primi gravidas with fullterm singleton pregnancy. The study populati on was divided into two groups, women who were 19 and less than 19 years of age and women who were more than 19 years of age. Fetal weight as the outcome variable was compared between these groups. Results:The age of the mother ranged from 16 to 37 years. 24.8% women in the study populati on were <19 years of age. Although the diff erence was not clinically signifi cant (p=0.51), 1/3 rd of the mothers who were <19 had low birth weight.Conclusion: the relati on of low birth weight and young maternal age could not be proven in this study.

Objective To compare the pregnancy outcomes of women with morbid obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥40) and extremely underweight (BMI<16) with that of women with normal BMI (18.5 to 24.99) Design retrospective observational study over 3 years. Setting Penine Acute Hospitals NHS trust. Results The total number of deliveries during this period was 33 509.The number of women pregnant with normal BMI were 15 275(46%). There were 580 women (2%) with morbid obesity and 40 women (0.1%) were extremely underweight during the same period. Only 11% of obese women took folic acid prepregnancy. Only 1% of women in the normal BMI category had gestational diabetes whereas 9% of morbidly obese women had gestational diabetes. The rates of induction (28%) and caesarean section (42%) were higher in the high BMI group. 4% of the babies were macrosomic (birth weight≥4.5 kg) in the high BMI group and 1% in the normal BMI group. The incidence of shoulder dystocia was 2% in high BMI category and 1% in the normal BMI group. 25% of babies in the low BMI group had a birth weight of less than 2.5 kg. This was 8% in the normal and 4% in the high BMI categories. Conclusions The importance of pre pregnancy counselling and weight reduction cannot be over emphasised. Efforts should be directed in extremely underweight women to attain adequate pre pregnancy weight. Further research is needed to determine the optimal weight gain/reduction during pregnancy for women in different BMI categories.